The special services of Russia did not stay away from the global trend in the light version of the weapon. In service, in particular, there is a shock-shock shot with an elastic element VGM 93.600, which is fired from a GM-94 pump-action grenade launcher. The kinetic element is extremely simple in design - it has a mass of 120 g, a length of 120 mm, a caliber of 43 mm, and is made of ordinary rubber with an inner cavity. This scheme allows the ammunition to perfectly "spread" over the body of the attacker, without piercing the skin. The projectile is large enough, therefore, in order not to overdo it with injuries, the muzzle velocity was limited to 50 m / s, and the minimum range of use was 30 meters. VGM 93.600 has become a real harsh classic among non-lethal weapons - if necessary, such a grenade can seriously injure a criminal.
GM-94 grenade launcher and ammunition. Source: zonwar.ru
VGM 93.600 grenade (a) and GM-94 grenade launcher (b): 1 - a cartridge case with a propelling charge; 2 - plastic insert; 3 - rubber cap; 4 - plastic stop (according to the publication "Weapons of non-lethal action", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
The projectile can not only deform upon impact with the victim's body, but also collapse, effectively transferring its energy to a large area. This can be achieved through the use of highly porous materials, as well as the use of fragile shells, inside which the filler is hidden. All this is done in order to reduce the excessive trauma of the classic "rubber" kinetic weapons, for which, however, you have to pay with the cost of ammunition. According to this scheme, the Pepperball shells from the USA and the Belgian FN 303 are built. Pepperball is fired from pneumatic weapons, very similar to paintball machines, at 20-46 meters. Such "pepper balls" do not cause much harm to the target, with the exception of the irritant PAVA, which is filled with each ball. As can be seen from the above figure, ammunition can be either unstabilized in the shape of a ball or feathered. The weapon magazine contains up to 450 rounds, and in automatic firing mode it becomes an effective means of delivering tear gas to the target.
Pepperball system: air gun (a) and pistol (b); stabilized kinetic element (c): 1 - head part; 2 - body with plumage; 3 - irritant; unstabilized kinetic element (d): 1 - irritant; 2 - body parts; 3 - sealing gaskets (according to the publication "Non-lethal weapons", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
The Belgians from FH Herstal, who developed the FN303, use a semi-automatic carbine as a weapon, which fires miniature 17.3 mm ammunition. Such a kinetic element has a complex structure with a polystyrene shell, inside which a fraction of bismuth is hidden. Small blades are formed in the tail of the glycol-filled ammunition for stable flight. You can dream up and dilute the glycol with a washable pink fluorescent pigment or an indelible one based on latex polymer paint. As a "chemical" effect of exposure, a 15% extract of red pepper is used. As a result, of course, the painful effect on the adversary remains prevalent, but the annoying effect is also palpable. The FN303 allows effective fire at a range of up to 70 m. It is interesting that the launcher, together with the compressed air cylinder, can be removed from the carbine and mounted on other weapons. Thus, it is quite possible to connect a "non-lethal" gadget to the M16 rifle, making the weapon humane for a while.
FN303 system of the Belgian company FH Herstal: a - carbine (1 - starting device; 2 - butt; 3 - clip; 4 - compressed air cylinder); b - projectile (according to the publication "Weapons of Non-Lethal Action", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
In Russia, a traumatic barrelless pistol PB-4SP "Osa" has been adopted, the ammunition of which has a steel core surrounded by rubber. The mass of the bullet is 13.3 g, the diameter is 15.6 mm, the initial kinetic energy of the bullet is 85 kJ, and the initial velocity is 120 m / s. Such indicators allow, according to the instructions, to use the "Wasp" practically point-blank. But in practice, barrelless injuries very often cause penetrating wounds with serious consequences. The products of the Israeli Israel Military Industries (IMI) are similar in design, featuring a wide range. Usually these are containers mounted on rifle flame arresters, equipped with 8 or 15 round-shaped striking elements (16 or 17 grams). The main material of such a shot is steel, covered with a thin layer of rubber. Israelis work with such weapons mainly at Palestinians at a distance of 20-80 meters with an initial projectile speed of about 80 m / s.
Barrelless pistol PB-4SP Osa (a) and traumatic kinetic element (b): a: 1 - body; 2 - holder of cartridges with sockets (cassette); 3 - latch of the holder of cartridges; 4 - cartridge holder; 5 - start key; 6 - contacts; 7 - electronic switching device; 8 - laser designator; 9 - laser designator switch; 10 - power supply; 11 - power supply discharge indicator; 12 - contact node; b: 1 - sleeve; 2 - gas generator; 3 - electric primer-igniter; 4 - powder charge; 5 - traumatic element (bullet); 6 - metal core (according to the publication "Weapons of non-lethal action", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
"Wasp" in modification PB4-1ML
Shock grenades, which can also cause profuse lacrimation, are also a separate branch of non-lethal weapons. In Russia, this technique is represented by a Krol grenade equipped with rubber buckshot and a powdery dispersing charge. Literally in 0.1 s after detonation, a volumetric (up to 50 m3) a cloud of aerosols of irritants, but the targets are preliminarily "processed" with rubber balls. The developers declare the stopping effect of a grenade weighing about 0.5 kg in a radius of 2 to 10 meters. The United States also uses such weapons to comfort violent protesters or hiding criminals. The grenade is called the Stinger and is equipped with either 180 mm 8, 1 mm or 25 15 mm rubber impact balls. During the development, they provided for the light and sound effect of the explosion due to a special pyrotechnic charge inside. Moreover, in Stinger you can also introduce annoying CS (2 g) with OS (0.3 g) for greater effect.
Hand grenades of combined action: a - assault grenade "Krol" (1 - fuse; 2 - check (pin); 3 - ring; 4 - lever; 5 - cover; 6 - central dispersing charge; 7 - rubber element; 8 - irritant; 9 - case); b - hand grenade Stinger (1 - initiation unit; 2 - pyrotechnic charge; 3 - kinetic element; 4 - rubber body) (according to the publication "Non-lethal weapon", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
The American engineering mine M18A1 Claymore can be attributed to the conditionally heavy class of non-lethal kinetic weapons. It already contains 600 balls of dense rubber, which, during an explosion, scatter at speeds of 60-70 m / s at a distance of about 15 m. To detonate such a mine, a special explosive composition is used that is an order of magnitude less powerful than in conventional "lethal" ammunition. But even in this case, a nearby mine explosion can send a person to the next world or, at best, leave him disabled. A more humane option was the M7 Spider mine, equipped with guide barrels that shoot kinetic projectiles at a distance of up to 10 m. In such a unit, the rubber striking elements are smaller and the stopping effect is more modest.
Non-lethal modification of the M18A1 Claymore engineering mine (a) and the M7 Spider engineering mine (b): 1 - fuse; 2 - block with rubber kinetic elements; 3 - body with explosive composition; 4 - installation "legs"; 5 - case cover (according to the publication "Weapons of non-lethal action", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
Demonstration of the work of non-lethal mortars Galix46. Source: lacroix-defense.com
Galix46 ammunition (a) and a combat module mounted on armored vehicles (b): 1 - EC; 2 - block with FE; 3 - a block with elements equipped with an irritant; 4 - ammunition body; 5 - propellant charge; 6 - mechanoelectric initiation system; 7 - launcher (according to the publication "Weapons of non-lethal action", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
Paradoxically, even tanks can be humane. For this, France has developed the Galix46 complex, which protects military equipment from a violent crowd. Where a machine gun was used before, now you can fire from non-lethal mortars. Each projectile of such weapons consists of two blocks: the first contains 18 rubber elements weighing 9.4 g each, and the second is stuffed with CS irritant, which provides the attacker with shock and disorientation at a distance of 10 to 40 around the armored vehicles. The main thing now is not to run over such unfortunate caterpillars.
Tank ammunition with a combustible body: a - tank buckshot projectile (1 - cover; 2 - EC; 3 - gasket; 4 - combustible body; 5 - connecting sleeve; 6 - effective non-lethal impact zone; 7 - lethal impact zone); b - elastic shrapnel element (1 - pyro-retarder-igniter; 2 - light and sound composition; 3 - body); c - non-lethal shot for an automatic rifled grenade launcher (1 - cartridge case with a propelling charge; 2 - ring-shaped FE; 3 - destructible warhead) (according to the publication "Non-lethal weapon", V. V. Selivanov and D. P. Levin)
You can also load non-lethal ammunition directly into the barrel of a tank gun. Such a powerful weapon allows you to create a field of non-lethal impact at a distance of up to 100 meters in the direction of the vehicle. Usually such "super-non-lethal" projectiles are equipped with rubber buckshot (shrapnel), which, at distances closer than 75 meters, with almost 100% probability, sends manpower into a different light. Therefore, questions arise about the status of non-lethality of tank weapons.
