BMO-T is a Russian heavy combat vehicle of flamethrowers, the main purpose of which is to transport the personnel of the flamethrower squad in direct combat contact with the enemy. The vehicle entered service in 2001. The flamethrower combat vehicle was created on the basis of the T-72 main battle tank. Due to this, the frontal armor provides a good level of protection for the main tank crew. In total, the vehicle is capable of carrying 9 people (2 - crew, 7 - landing). The cost of one BMO-T in 2009 prices was 12,322,050 rubles. The car was shown at the International Exhibition of High-Tech Equipment and Weapons in Omsk this year, while no information about the car was presented, it was not exhibited in a static exposition.
BMO-T is produced on the basis of a tank chassis, without significant alteration of the hull, except for the fighting compartment and the roof. In the area of the control compartment and the fighting compartment, a special armored box-shaped superstructure was mounted, the walls of which, together with the control compartment, form a manned compartment in which there are places for the crew: the driver and commander, as well as the grenade launcher compartment consisting of 7 people. The ammunition load of RPO "Shmel" launch tubes is 32 units, which are stored in the crew compartment and additional stowage on the left fenders. RPOs occupy a significant volume and during transportation are stored in special racks with quick-release fasteners.
The armor protection of the frontal part of the BMO-T hull is made at the level of the MBT T-72, the side superstructures are made spaced apart with the installation of dynamic protection, fuel tanks and auxiliary equipment in them. The side walls are extended from the stern to the MTO bulkhead and have internal sections for various transported equipment. Additional force screens equipped with dynamic protection can be installed on the sides of the hull. The heavy combat vehicle of flamethrowers has armor protection at the level of modern MBTs, a low silhouette and insignificant complexity of alteration of the base tank chassis. Machine weight is 43, 9 tons.
BMO-T provides for flamethrowers a higher level of protection, comfort, and ergonomics of working conditions in comparison with machines that were created on the basis of BMP-1/2. BMO-T can be used as part of tank formations and motorized infantry brigades in the fight against well-fortified enemy firing points, including bunkers. At the same time, the vehicle can be used autonomously, performing the tasks of destroying individual enemy groups and their temporary defensive structures. BMO-T provides the landing party with the possibility of a safe landing in battle conditions, through the landing hatches located in the aft part of the armored superstructure, at the same time, the landing is covered in front and from the sides by an armored superstructure, side walls and raised doors.
Description of construction, booking
The base tracked chassis is the chassis of the T-72 tank with its engine compartment, chassis and armored hull with dynamic protection and control compartment. The driver's hatch has an axial arrangement. The BMO-T hull, instead of the roof of the tank's fighting compartment, has an armored superstructure covering its sides, which, together with the front frontal plate, sides, bottom and engine partition, forms a combined control compartment with an assault compartment, in which the vehicle commander and flamethrowers are located. On the roof of the superstructure with an offset to the left, there is an opening with an OPU - a rotary support, on which a rotating commander's cupola with a hatch and an anti-aircraft machine gun installed with remote control is mounted.
On the stationary pursuit of the rotary support device, the vehicle commander's seat is attached through the brackets inside the compartment. Flamethrower seats are attached to the sides of the chassis. Flamethrower ammunition is placed in a marching manner in spaced racks with quick-release fasteners. One rack is located to the right of the commander's seat in the transverse plane of the BMO-T, the second is to the left of the commander's seat along the side with an offset towards the control compartment. The third rack is located in the longitudinal section of the vehicle between the landing seats.
The landing hatches are located on the roof of the superstructure and in the rear of it. On the stern sheet of the BMO-T hull, spring-loaded footboards are installed, which provide more convenient landing and landing of flamethrowers. In order for the paratroopers to observe what is happening on the battlefield, observation devices are installed in the roof of the superstructure.
The greatest protection is provided in the frontal projection, where the frontal sheet of the base tank hull passes into the front wall of the superstructure with spaced armor, built-in reactive armor and combined armor packages. In the frontal projection, the BMO-T has anti-cannon armor. If we talk about protection from the sides, then it is provided by side plates with dynamic protection, as well as cavities that are filled with fuel tanks, storage batteries, a filtering unit and ballast equipment. An anti-splinter lining is installed on the inner side of the troop compartment. According to the developers of the BMO-T, the onboard booking reliably protects the crew and troops from most modern anti-tank weapons used by infantrymen in close combat.
Armament
To combat enemy manpower and self-defense against low-flying air targets, the BMO-T is equipped with a 12.7-mm closed-type machine-gun mount with remote control. Anti-aircraft 12.7 mm is used as the main armament. machine gun NSV. Its ammunition capacity is 1000 rounds. In addition to the machine gun, the vehicle carries 32 units of the RPO-A "Bumblebee" 93-mm flamethrower. Also, 12 81-mm grenade launchers of the 902A system from the Shtora complex of electro-optical active protection against high-precision weapons are used for setting up smoke screens.
The main weapon of the BMO-T assault force is the Bumblebee infantry rocket flamethrower, created in 1976 at the Instrument-Making Design Bureau in the city of Tula. The flamethrower was put into service in the late 80s, replacing the RPO "Lynx" in the troops. RPO-A "Bumblebee" is a disposable flamethrower. Its barrel-container is used to transport and launch one capsule; after the shot, the container can be thrown away. Inside the barrel is a capsule containing an incendiary mixture and a powder engine. During the shot, the powder engine accelerates the capsule in the bore and, separating from the charge, flies back together with the powder gases from the shot. The flight of the incendiary capsule is stabilized by its tail assembly. The flamethrower has a frame-type sighting device with a movable whole, the sighting range is 600 meters.
The main type of charge is thermobaric. This charge is intended for the destruction of sheltered fire weapons in the field, in the city, in the mountains, as well as for the destruction of various shelters, the destruction of vehicles and lightly armored vehicles. The RPO-A ammunition, when exploded in an open area, creates an overpressure of 0.4-0.8 kg / cm2 at a distance of 5 meters from the epicenter of the explosion and up to 4-7 kg / cm2 in a room with a volume of up to 90 cubic meters. The shock wave from the explosion can "flow" into shelters, trenches, etc. In the zone of detonation transformations of the thermobaric mixture, oxygen completely burns out, and the temperature reaches 800 degrees Celsius.
Surveillance and communication facilities
To monitor the situation on the battlefield, the vehicle commander has the following observation devices:
Electric heating observation device TNPO-160;
TKN-3 commander's observation device;
Illuminator OU-3GK with an infrared filter.
The driver of the car has the following observation devices at his disposal:
Observation device TNPA-65;
Electrical heating device for observation of the driver-mechanic TNPO-168V;
Infrared headlight FG-125;
Night observation device of the driver-mechanic TVNE-4B.
The paratroopers have 2 TNPA-65 observation devices, 2 TNP-165A observation devices, and 3 TNPT-3 rear-view observation devices.
To ensure communication in the car, the R-174 radio station is used.
Engine and chassis
A multi-fuel engine V-84-1 or V-84M is installed as a power plant on the combat vehicle of flamethrowers, which develops power up to 840 hp. and is capable of accelerating the car up to 60 km / h when driving on the highway and up to 30-40 km / h when driving over rough terrain. BMO-T has several fuel tanks. The volume of the bow is 347 liters, the volume of the onboard is 961 liters. The cruising range on the highway is 712 km. A 2-stage ejection-type air cleaner is used to remove dust from the dust collector. In it, the cyclone apparatus acts as the 1st stage, and special cassettes act as the 2nd stage.
The main one is the air starting system, which is duplicated by the electric one. In addition, intake air heating systems and an oil and coolant nozzle heater are used to facilitate injection. As the air system of the power plant, a two-cylinder piston compressor AK-150SV is used, the working pressure of which is 120-160 kgf / cm.
The power transmission is mechanical with a step-up gear, coaxial gears and on-board gearboxes. The step-up gear has drives for a starter, a compressor and a cooling fan. The transmission is mechanical with hydraulic clutches. BMO-T has 8 gears - 7 forward and 1 reverse.
The BMO-T uses the tracked propulsion system of the T-72 tank. The drive wheels are at the back. The caterpillar track is made of metal with two types of hinges: metal or rubber-metal. Each track consists of 97 links. The track rollers are double-disc rollers with external shock absorption, there are 6 rollers on each side. Single-band rollers with internal shock absorption are used as support rollers - 3 rollers on each side.
The suspension is made with an individual torsion bar, 1, 2 and 5 road wheels have vane hydraulic shock absorbers.
