Project 11780 airborne universal amphibious assault ship
BDK project 1174 of the "Ivan Rogov" type had many shortcomings, therefore, on the instructions of the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy, Admiral S. G. Gorshkov, the Nevsky Design Bureau began the development of a full-fledged universal landing ship of Project 11780 of the Kremenchug type, the development of which was carried out throughout the 1980s as a reduced analogue of the American UDC of the Tarava type, for which it received the unofficial nickname "Ivan Tarava".
The appearance and purpose of the ship changed during the development process. Initially, the purpose of the ship was only amphibious operations. The UDC was supposed to have a solid deck, which made it possible to use both helicopters and vertical takeoff and landing aircraft Yak-38. The General Staff proposed to turn the ships of Project 11780 into universal aircraft-carrying ships, equipping them with a bow springboard and providing the basing for other aircraft as well. It was planned to build two ships of this project "Kherson" and "Kremenchug".
The ship had a normal displacement of 25,000 tons, a length of 196 meters (180 at design waterline), a width of 35 meters (25 meters at design waterline), and a draft of 8 meters. A boiler and turbine unit with a capacity of 180,000 hp was used as the main power plant. (142, 4 MW), unified with the power plant of destroyers of project 956. The full speed was 30 knots, the economic speed was 18 knots. The cruising range of the economic course was 8000 miles.
It is known that there were two variants of the ship, which differ in the placement of weapons. Which, depending on the version of the project, included from 3 to 6 TLUs of the Kinzhal anti-aircraft missile system, from 2 to 4 combat modules of the Kortik anti-aircraft missile and artillery complex and the AK-130 universal artillery installation.
The air group consisted of 12 Ka-29 airborne transport helicopters in the amphibious version or 25 Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopters in the anti-submarine version. The ship's dock chamber could accommodate four Project 1176 landing boats or 2 Project 1206 air cushion landing boats.
There is no exact data on the number and composition of the landing force for the project 11780; the Aircraft Carrying Ships of Russia indicate that a similar-sized helicopter carrier, Project 10200 Khalzan, was designed to transport 50-60 tanks and a battalion of marines.
Ships with a standard displacement of 25,000 tons could only be built at the Black Sea Shipyard, so the "struggle for the slipway" began. At this time, the construction of heavy aircraft-carrying cruisers of project 1143.5 was to begin on the stocks of the Black Sea Shipyard. The General Staff, attaching great importance to the construction of the UDC, proposed building them instead of aircraft carriers. This was opposed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. Realizing that the construction of the UDC due to the lack of the required shipbuilding capacities, most likely, will lead to the abandonment of the construction of aircraft-carrying cruisers of Project 1143.5, they went for a trick. By the order of the Commander-in-Chief, the AK-130 AU was placed in the bow of the ship, right on the flight deck, and the Navy Research Institute was tasked with "scientifically" substantiating the presence of such weapons and their location. As a result, the General Staff lost interest in the project, and construction was postponed.
At the request of the Minister of Defense of the USSR Marshal Ustinov, in peacetime, tracking of enemy submarines in the ocean zone was added to the tasks of the ships of project 11780. Ultimately, all these changes led to the fact that the ships of the project 11780 were never laid down.
Project 10200 Khalzan landing helicopter carrier
PLO helicopter carrier, landing helicopter carrier (project). The development of an PLO helicopter carrier based on the high-speed civilian ro-ro-ro-ro ship of Project 1609 was initiated by the Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, Admiral N. N. Amelko in 1978, after carrying out on his own initiative the R&D "Argus" (the study of an integrated anti-submarine system, including with the possibility of building inexpensive PLO helicopter carriers on the basis of civilian ships, the Central Research Institute named after Academician A. N. Krylov, head of R&D V V. Dmitriev). Ship of project 1609 "Captain Smirnov" (lead, 1978, 4 units built in total) with 2 x GGTA M25 gas turbine power plant with a utilization circuit and a capacity of 25,000 hp each. for each of the two shafts, deadweight 20,000 tons, total displacement 35,000 tons, length 203 m, width 30 m, side height 21 m, draft 9, 9 m and speed 26 knots was built at the Kherson Shipyard. TTZ for the creation of a helicopter carrier pr.10200 prepared in 1977 Resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers of 1977-21-04 planned construction in 1981-1990. a series of 4 ships of the project on the slipway No. 1 of the Shipyard in Nikolaev as part of a series of rollers of the project 1609 with parallel construction on the slipway No. 0 of the TAKR series of the project 1143 with a gradual improvement of the project.
The design of the Project 10200 helicopter carrier was carried out by the Chernomorsudproekt Central Design Bureau (Nikolaev) in 1978-1980. Chief designer Yu. T. Kamenetsky. The draft design was completed at the end of 1977 in 4 versions. During the design process, the TTZ changed several times and, as a result, the helicopter carrier was designed in two versions - as an ASW ship in the far zone and as an amphibious assault ship. Initially, it was planned to build the ships of the project at the Kherson Shipyard, but after the changes due to the increase in displacement, the construction of the project became possible only at the Nikolaev Shipyard (which was loaded with the construction of ships of Project 1143 and other large orders).
The technical design of the ship pr.10200 was ready in 1980 by the Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers of March 28, 1980 in the plan for the construction of ships for 1981-1990. the construction of two ships of Project 10200 was included on the slipway No. 0 of the Shipyard in Nikolaev instead of the lead ship of Project 1143.5 with the delivery of the lead ship in 1986. In August 1980, the 1st Institute of the Navy made a positive decision on the technical project of Project 10200. At the same time, the Nevsky PKB together with the Central Research Institute named after V. I. A. N. Krylov, an alternative version of Project 10200 was proposed in the aircraft carrier of Project 1143. Analysis of the options for the 10200 project in September 1980 at the Central Research Institute. A. N. Krylova showed that the execution of the helicopter carrier in the civilian corps does not provide adequate reliability in the part of the power plant (located in one compartment) and does not meet the requirements for military vessels in terms of physical fields (the power plant was very noisy), low search performance of the PLO system (5 times less ships pr.1143).. TsNII im. A. N. Krylova recommended for construction a variant of Project 10200 in the building of Project 1143. After that, in September 1980, the 1st Institute of the Navy revised the earlier decision on the approval of Project 10200. In November 1980, at the scientific and technical council of the USSR Ministry of Justice, the technical project of Project 10200 was rejected. In late 1980 - early 1981 Nevsky PKB developed a project for an anti-submarine helicopter carrier with amphibious capabilities of Project 10200M, which was also rejected on March 31, 1981 by the decision of the 1st Institute of the Navy, TsNII im. Academician A. N. Krylova, the 24th Institute of the Navy, a branch of the 30th Institute of the Navy and the Nevsky PKB.
By default, the data of the original pr.10200 "Khalzan" Central Design Bureau "Chernomorsudproekt":
Crew - 960 people.
The propulsion system is a gas turbine power plant with a heat recovery circuit (gas turbine reversible all-mode units GGTA M25 with a recovery circuit) with a capacity of 2 x 25,000 hp. Two fixed pitch screws. Electric generator with a capacity of 12,000 kW.
Length - 228.3 m.
Waterline length - 211 m.
Width - 40.3 m.
Waterline width - 30 m.
Draft - 8, 9 m.
Depth amidships - 21 m.
Empty displacement - 22,250 tons.
Standard displacement - 24,000 tons.
Full displacement - 30,000 tons; preliminary design - 31,000 tons.
Economic speed - 18 knots.
Full speed - 25-27 knots.
The cruising range is 12,000 miles at a speed of 18 knots.
Price:
The cost of the construction of a ro-ro container ship, Project 1609, is 30 million rubles. (1977).
The cost of building an anti-submarine helicopter carrier, according to the findings of the Argus research and development project, is 80-100 million rubles. (indicative, 1977).
The cost of building an anti-submarine helicopter carrier of Project 10200 according to draft designs is 125-137 million rubles. (end of 1977).
The cost of building a helicopter carrier of Project 10200 according to the technical project is 170 million rubles. (1978).
Armament:
SAM "Dagger", 2 batteries of 6 vertical launch drums in the stern of the ship and on the left side, a total of 12 vertical launch drums of 8 missiles each, 96 missiles ammunition (excluding reloading from cellars); two antenna posts of the radar control system.
8 x 30 mm artillery mounts.
AK-630M with 4 x MR-123 Vympel radar.
2 х 140 mm twin jamming launchers ZIF-121 with the Tertsiya control system.
Equipment:
BIUS.
Radar "Fregat-MA" of general detection.
Radar "Tackle" for detecting low-flying targets.
Radar "Vaygach".
Radio-technical drive system for helicopters.
Upper helicopter hangar for 6 helicopters, lower below deck hangar for 22 helicopters.
Two helicopter lifts (from the hangar).
9 helicopter launch pads.
Wing:
Draft project of Project 10200 (options 1 and 4) - 28-30 helicopters PLO of the Ka-27 type.
Draft project of Project 10200 (options 2 and 3) - 12 helicopters PLO of the Ka-27 type.
In the PLO version - 28 PLO helicopters of the Ka-27 type.
In the landing version - 14 Ka-29 landing helicopters, 6 VTOL aircraft, 56 tanks and one Marine battalion (300 people).
Modifications:
Draft Project 10200 Option 1 (1977) - a variant of a helicopter carrier with advanced weapon systems.
Draft project 10200 version 2 (1977) - helicopter carrier version - mobilization conversion of the Project 1609 ro-ro-boat.
Draft project 10200 option 3 (1977) - helicopter carrier version - mobilization conversion of the Project 1609 ro-ro-boat.
Draft Project 10200 Option 4 (1977) - a variant of a helicopter carrier with existing weapons systems.
Technical project 10200 (1980) - anti-submarine helicopter carrier developed by the Central Design Bureau "Chernomorsudproekt".
Project 10200 in the hull of Project 1143 (1980) - an alternative project of an anti-submarine helicopter carrier in the TAKR hull of Project 1143 of the Nevsky PKB.
Project 10200M (1980) - an alternative project of an anti-submarine - landing helicopter carrier - in the TAKR corps of project 1143 of the Nevsky PKB. The project was recognized as ineffective in comparison with the aircraft carrier pr.11434 in terms of combat stability when solving anti-aircraft defense missions.
General arrangement diagrams of the Project 1609 ro-ro container ship and the Project 10200 Khalzan helicopter carrier
Status: USSR - developed, not built. 1981-1990 it was planned to build 2 pcs. at the Nikolaev Shipyard.
Universal landing ship dock pr.11780 UDKD
"The photographs show the aircraft carrier KMPV" Dolphin "in two-hull and three-hull versions, the ship has been designed by the Northern PKB since 1986 for the promising Yak-141 aircraft. it didn’t even go in. Work on the project was curtailed along with the completion of work on the Yak-141.
Unfortunately, this is all the information there is, the ship was designed to be small and inexpensive.
Another interesting fact: there is no hangar under the deck just because of the multi-hull structure, because of this hangars are visible in the superstructure, it turns out that everything that fits on the deck will be an air group. According to my calculations, it turned out to be 14 aircraft.
The length, if according to the proportions of the YAK-141, is 170 meters.
Universal landing ship dock pr.11780 UDKD. Nevskoe PKB:
Continuous flight deck, 200x25 meters, Armament 1x2 AK-130, SAM "Dagger" 3 UVP, ZRAK "KORTIK" 2pcs, Ka-29 12 pcs. or Yak-38, Yak-141.
GEM Boiler and turbine plant, similar to Project 956.
Landing craft on air cushion DKAVP.
The project was repeatedly changed and in the final version was left without the Yak-38 / Yak-141. But the anti-submarine designation of the ship was assumed after the replacement of the Ka-29 helicopters with the Ka-27. The finished project was submitted to the General Staff, where interest in it immediately disappeared. The project was tacitly called "Ivan Tarava" for the fact that in its original form it resembled the American UDC "TARAVA" in its purpose and tasks.
Landing ship dock project 1609
In 1985, a TTZ was issued for the development of a landing ship dock. Based on the results of the study, the Nevsky Design Bureau presented 3 options, differing in displacement (from 19500 to 24800 t), length (from 204 to 214 m) and dimensions of the docking chamber (from 75 to 80 m). After discussion, a large-tonnage version was chosen for further development, which received the project number 1609.
Displacement 24800 / 31800t, dimensions 214 x41m, dimensions of the docking chamber 80 x 15 x 6 m. Armament: 130-mm AU AK-130, 2 SAM "Dagger" in overload 24 helicopters), transported landing - 750 people. The docking chamber housed 3 Project 1206 landing craft or 10 Project 11770. The work did not come out of the pre-draft design due to a number of problems, one of which was the question - where to build? And in the early 1990s. it was no longer up to the construction of landing ships.
According to many experts in the field of the fleet, the ships of the 1609 project would not only not be inferior to the French, but even surpass him. It is difficult for me to assess this objectively. But if you look at the alleged performance characteristics of the project 1609 ship, it seems just obvious. And most importantly, these ships were to be built in Russia, and they were quite tough for the Russian industry (at least in the late 90s).
