The new Russian Project 20380 multipurpose near sea zone patrol ship was designed for the Russian Navy at the Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau in St. Petersburg. Its creation was due to certain difficulties associated with the implementation of the previous multipurpose ship of a similar class, project 12441, since the lead ship Novik, laid down back in 1997 at the Yantar shipyards, was never completed. In this regard, after the competition, in which it was the FSUE TsMKB Almaz that won, the command of the Russian Navy decided to start building a simpler and cheaper ship, project 20380, which was classified as a corvette (previously, this class did not exist in the USSR Navy, and similar ships were classified as TFR). Direct military-scientific support for the creation of this ship was carried out by the 1st Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. In total, more than 70 Russian research, design and industrial enterprises (including "Aurora", Kolomensky Zavod, Sredne-Nevsky Shipyard, etc.) participated in the creation of the Project 20380 corvette.
The multipurpose patrol ship (corvette) of project 20380 is designed for operations in the near sea zone of the state and for combating enemy surface ships and submarines, as well as for artillery support of amphibious assault forces during amphibious operations by inflicting missile and artillery strikes on ships and vessels at sea and bases, patrolling the area of responsibility for the purpose of the blockade.
The ship has a steel smooth-topped hull and a superstructure from side to side made of multilayer composite materials (low-combustible multilayer fiberglass and structural materials based on carbon fiber), which was made taking into account the requirements of the so-called stealth technology. The body of the corvette pr.20380 is fundamentally new in design and differs from the generally accepted ones, which has become one of its main features. New contours of the underwater part of the hull made it possible to reduce the water resistance when the ship was moving at a speed of about 30 knots by about 25% and, at the same time, the required power of its main power plant. As a result, it became possible to use a less powerful and lighter power plant, which led to the release of 15-18% of the displacement, which can be used to increase the combat load. While maintaining the same mass of weapons and power plant due to the decrease in resistance to the movement of the ship by 1, 5-2 knots, the speed of its full speed increases.
The improved seaworthiness of the corvette of Project 20380, in comparison with the seaworthiness of ships of the same displacement, with equal restrictions on pitching, allows its armament to be used in rough seas with a force of up to 5 points (1, 5-2 points more than similar ships), which is especially important when based on a helicopter ship. In the aft part of the corvette, for the first time for domestic ships of this displacement, there is a hangar with a landing area for the Ka-27 anti-submarine helicopter, and there is also a significant (up to 20 tons) fuel supply for it.
Particular attention is paid to protecting and increasing the survivability of the ship. The latest achievements were implemented in reducing visibility in the radar and infrared ranges based on architectural features in combination with special coatings, missile weapons built into the body and antenna posts, using materials with high radio-absorbing properties,local protection of individual elements of the hull, weapons and technical means, which have a decisive influence on the formation of physical fields of the upper hemisphere of the ship. The average circular effective dispersion surface (EPR) of the corvette is reduced in comparison with similar ships by about 3 times, which reduces the likelihood of targeting anti-ship cruise missiles from 0.5 to 0.1. In addition, the ships of Project 20380 provide for a set of measures for ensuring combat and operational survivability, including explosion and fire safety, constructive protection against the effects of enemy weapons and other measures.
The Project 20380 ship is equipped with a complex technical weapons system as part of the strike, anti-aircraft and anti-submarine weapon systems, combat control, detection, target designation, communications and protection. The basis of its armament is the Uranus anti-ship missile system consisting of two four-container launchers (8 X-35 anti-ship missile launchers, 130 km firing range) located across the center plane in the middle (similar to the SKR project 11540). For air defense, the ship is equipped with the Kortik-M ZRAK combat module (in the bow), Igla MANPADS (for shoulder launch) and two 30-mm AK-630M artillery mounts (in the stern). At the same time, the modernized version of the Kortik combat module has a mass reduced by 2 tons and a missile firing range increased to 10 km. The main artillery armament is represented by the universal 100-mm gun mount A-190 with 332 rounds of ammunition (maximum rate of fire 80 rds / min, firing range 21, 3 km, reach in height - 15 km). Fire control of 100-mm and 30-mm artillery is carried out by the latest 5P-10 Puma system, the antenna post of which is located on the bow superstructure. The unique system of anti-torpedo protection "Packet-NK" is represented by two four-pipe 330-mm vehicles located side by side in the gate ports. Its torpedoes can be used both directly against enemy torpedoes coming to the ship, and against submarines. The Ka-27 permanent-based helicopter is also designed to detect and destroy submarines.
The ship's electronic armament, in addition to the Sigma BIUS, includes the Furke-2 general detection radar, the Monument-A target designation radar in a radio-transparent fairing combined with the foremast design, two navigation radars, the Zarya-2 sonar system with an antenna in the bow bulb, the Minotavr-M hydroacoustic station with an extended towed antenna, the Anapa-M OGAS, the Ruberoid automated communications system, electronic warfare and navigation equipment. For self-defense against enemy detection equipment and its anti-ship missiles, the ship is equipped with four PK-10 launchers of the Bold jamming complex. For self-defense and protection from pirates or underwater saboteurs on Project 20380, there are two column 14, 5-mm machine gun mounts and two DP-64 grenade launchers. The use of weapons is possible when the sea is rough up to 5 points. To ensure radio navigation of the anti-submarine helicopter, antenna posts of the OSPV-20380 station were mounted on the hangar roof.
The modular principle of the architecture of the ships of this project allows, during the construction of new and modernization of existing ones, to install new systems of weapons and electronic weapons on them. This reduces production costs and provides a high upgrade potential over a 30-year ship's life cycle.
The power plant of the corvette pr.20380 is a two-shaft diesel installation, consisting of two pairs of engines of the 16D49 type, operating through summing reversible gearboxes for two fixed-pitch propellers. 4 diesel generators 22-26DG with a capacity of 630 kW each provide consumers with a current of 380 V (50 Hz). By reducing the noise level of the mechanisms of its power plant, the ship's visibility in the hydroacoustic range was reduced - for the first time in domestic practice, the NC used technologies that had been previously worked out on our nuclear submarines of the latest generation.
In general, the corvette of project 20380 differs from the anti-submarine ships currently in service in its versatility, compactness, stealth, and a high level of system automation. With an economic speed of 14 knots (maximum 27 knots), the corvette's autonomous navigation range reaches 4000 nautical miles. The crew of the ship with the helicopter maintenance group is 99 people.
Modifications. In addition to the production ship of Project 20380, the FSUE TsMKB "Almaz" simultaneously developed its export version for the domestic fleet, which received the project number 20382 and the code "Tiger". This ship differs mainly in the presence of simplified weapons in the export version and the ability to replace the necessary systems with Western-made counterparts, depending on the customer's requirements.
It is assumed that starting from the 5th ship of the "Guarding" class, some changes will be made to the project, in particular, concerning anti-ship and anti-aircraft weapons. Most likely, the Kortik-M complex will be replaced with a new medium-range air defense missile system with vertical launchers (for example, Polyment), and the Uran missile defense system - with Onyx or Club, also with UVP.
Construction program. On December 21, 2001, the laying of the head corvette "Steregushchy" took place at OJSC "Shipbuilding Plant" Severnaya Verf ". Some time later, two more of the same type were laid down - on May 20, 2003, "Soobrazitelny" and on July 27, 2005, "Boyky", and then two more.
In total, it is planned to build a series of 20 multipurpose ships of Project 20380 (5 for each of the fleets), and 4 of them should be delivered to the fleet by 2015.
Status for 2008 The new corvettes should become the backbone of the Russian Navy in the near sea zone. The first two corvettes will go into service with the Northern and Baltic fleets. They will be used for patrolling coastal waters, escort and anti-submarine operations.
The lead ship of the series - "Guarding" - was first presented to the general public at the III International Maritime Defense Show taking place from June 27 to July 1, 2007 in St. Petersburg under its export name "Tiger".
MAIN TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Displacement, tons
• standard 1 800
• full 2 220
Main dimensions, m
• maximum length (at design waterline) - 104, 5 (n / a)
• maximum width (at design waterline) - 13 (n / a)
• maximum draft (average) - 7, 95 (n / a)
Main power plant:
• 4 diesel engines 16D49, total power, h.p. (kW) - 23 320 (17 140)
• 4 diesel generators 22-26DG, power, kW - 4 X 630
2 shafts; 2 five-bladed propellers
Travel speed, knots:
• the largest - 27
• economic - 14
Cruising range, miles (at speed, knots) approx. 4000 miles
Autonomy, 15 days
Crew, people (including officers) 99 people
WEAPON
Impact missile:
• PU KT-184 SCRC "Uranus"
PKR 3M24 "Uranus" (SS-N-25) - 2 X 4
Anti-aircraft missile:
• PU MANPADS 9K38 "Igla" (SA-16 "Gimlet") - 8
Anti-aircraft missile and artillery (ammunition):
• ZRAK "Kortik-M" (CADS-N-1B) - 2
- PU SAM 9M311M (SA-N-11 "Grison") - each: 2 X 4 (32)
- 30-mm machine gun AO-18 (ammunition) - 2 X 6 (3000)
Artillery (ammunition):
• 100-mm AU A-190-01 "Universal" - 1 X 1 (332)
• 30-mm ZAK AK-630M - 2 X 6 (6000)
• 14.5-mm machine gun mount MTPU - 2 X 1 (n / a)
Torpedo armament (ammunition):
• 330-mm TA PTZ "Package-NK" - 2 X 4 (8)
Anti-sabotage (ammunition):
• grenade launchers DP-64 - 2 (240)
Aviation:
• Ka-27 helicopter ("Helix-A") -
1
RADIO ELECTRONIC WEAPONS:
BIUS
"Sigma-20830"
General detection radar
1 x "Furke-2"
1 x "Monument-A" also for the SCRC
Navigation radar
1 x "Pal-N"
2 x MP-231
Gus
• "Zarya-2" subtle
• "Minotavr-M" extended towed
• "Anapa-M" lowered
• "Package-A" target designation PTZ
Electronic warfare means
• TK-25-2
Complexes of fired jamming
4 X 10 PU PK-10 "Brave"
Optoelectronic devices
4 x MTK-201M2.2
Fire control radar
1 x "Monument-A" for SCRC "Uranus"
2 х "Sandal-V" reception of external target designation
1 X 5P-10 "Puma-02" for 100-mm AU and ZAK
1 х МР-123-02 "Vympel" (Bass Tilt) for ZAK
Navigation complex
• "Czardash 20380"
• "Subject-KM"
• CH-3101 satellite navigation
• OSPV-20380 radio navigation for helicopter
Radio communication complex
• "Roofing material"
• r / p "Brigantine"
State identification radar
3 X "Password"
