In December last year, tests were to be completed, according to the results of which a decision was expected in favor of one of the samples (PYa, PL or "Boa") for the Ministry of Defense and RG on the topic "Cayman" and "Lynx". This is the only reliable information to date that can be trusted. Who carried out the tests, what kind they were, what volume and what conditions is unknown. The only thing that can be said with certainty is that the submarine will not replace the PM, and even more so the PM will join the troops, of course, provided that there are still professionals there and the well-known principle does not work, which I do not want to mention.
There are a number of technical and design requirements for weapons that were developed and calculated at test sites and research institutes and for which their developers at one time received state awards and academic titles. Let's look at one of them. The point is that in combat weapons, double-row magazines with rearrangement in one row, like those used in PP-40, CZ-75, Glock, etc., should not be used. And here's why.
The store is one of the most critical parts, requiring significant expenditures on design development and development in production. In addition to flawless operation, from the point of view of reliability, it is also necessary to ensure their complete interchangeability. Therefore, designers often use ready-made magazines from other types of weapons in their designs. For example, Lebedev's pistol uses a CZ-75 magazine.
The main task of the store is to feed the cartridge to the ramming line. In this case, the supplied cartridge must reliably, without distortions, take its position. Three types of magazines are used, which differ in the location of the cartridges in them.
Single row. Simplest. The force of the supply spring is strictly vertical and acts on the supplied cartridge only minus the weight of the cartridges and the forces of friction against the walls of the store. In this case, the path of the feeder is equal to the path of the supplied cartridge (h = H = D, that is, the diameter of its sleeve).
Double row without rebuilding. Same as single-row, with one distinct advantage: the feeder only needs to travel half the diameter of the sleeve to reach the feed line. Since the supply of cartridges occurs through one, then the path traveled by the supplied cartridge is also equal to half the diameter of the sleeve: h = H = 1 / 2D. This is the most reliable scheme for shops.
Double row with one row changeover. The feeder in such a store also travels a path equal to half the diameter of the sleeve, but the supplied cartridge must travel a distance that is almost equal to the diameter: h = 1 / 2H = 1 / 2D. From this it follows that the feed force that is transmitted to the chuck will be twice smaller the effort developed by the feed spring, minus the weight of the cartridges and the resistance forces arising at the points of contact between cartridges and the inclined walls of the store, which are responsible for rebuilding. In principle, this is quite enough to once and for all abandon the use of such a design when it comes to reliability.
Let's take a closer look at what happens in the area where the cartridge touches the inclined wall of the magazine at the rebuilding section along the line of transfer of force from the previous cartridge along the line AB.
This segment is less than the diameter of the AC case, therefore, if there are no other obstacles, the cartridge will begin to slide up. If dirt or dust accumulates between the wall of the liner along the line BC and the wall of the store, then, depending on their consistency and composition, the coefficient of friction (resistance to movement) will increase. Under certain conditions, jamming is possible, but in general this condition will cause a feed delay. Finally, a solid particle larger than 0.6 mm above point C will jam, and additional force from the feed spring will be required to push the cartridge upward to bend the magazine walls.
Separately, it is worth considering the case of dust entering the aircraft sector and other angles between the walls of the store and the cartridge. The fact is that at the moment when the rammer's protrusion in the shutter rollback crosses the bottom of the cartridge case of the supplied cartridge, then its (cartridge) movement upward will begin at zero speed. The shutter moves and bounces while coasting at a speed of about 5 m / s at a distance of several millimeters at a running distance. Therefore, while the entire pack of cartridges starts to move and overcomes additional resistance, it simply may not have enough time to move from its place and raise the upper cartridge to the height necessary for a reliable grip by the bolt sending protrusion. Incomplete grip with simultaneous skewing of the cartridge can lead to its bumping. All these calculations were carried out in Germany during the Second World War on failures of the MP-40 PP, equipped with a magazine, in the design of which H. Schmeisser's patents were used.
The use of such magazines in submachine guns is not even considered. For example, in the work of S. A. Alekseeva, M. E. Dragunova, V. G. Cherny "Designing submachine guns". The well-known MP-5 or Uzi also uses a two-row magazine without rebuilding.
Now let's look at the location of the cartridges in the magazine from the side. The large angle of the pistol grip is ergonomically advantageous for sport shooting from an extended arm. This case was noticed by Georg Luger. The payment for such an angle was the store, in which the cartridges were located at an angle to the front wall, and this led to wedging of the cartridges when they were moved and excessive friction of the bottom of the sleeve along the rear wall.
In modern stores, cartridges are placed at right angles. In order to orient them to the ramming line, the side walls of the magazine taper from back to front in the head part or have additional protrusions. In this case, the bullets begin to line up in one row earlier than the bottom of the cases.
Thus, the part of the store in which the rebuilding takes place has a pyramidal shape. The extent to which this rebuilding affects reliability can only be judged theoretically. It is important to emphasize that these are not all the factors that manifest themselves during a lane change. For example, due to the difference in the application of forces to the cartridge and the friction of the magazine wall, a moment of rotation of the cartridge around the axis may occur.
Why are rebuild shops still used in sport pistols? There is an opinion that it is easier to get into the neck with such a magazine, and this supposedly reduces the reload time. It got to the point that in the new versions of the sports PYa, three guide chamfers are made in the breech of the barrel for the use of stores with and without rebuilding. Gentlemen "experts", intensely raping designers with such tasks! Don't you think that if you make a regular skirt at the base of the handle, then, since its entrance area is larger than the sectional area of the magazine, this will further increase the probability of a hit? You are already doing this on the sports "Saiga", although the mine on it is still a perversion.
The end follows …
