According to the armament program for 2011–2020, the Russian Navy will receive Project 22350 frigates. In total, 10 frigates of this project are planned to be built during this period.
These are the first domestic large ships created in the post-Soviet era. Currently, two frigates of project 22350 are under construction in St. Petersburg - "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Gorshkov" (laid down in 2006, launched in 2010, will enter service this year - according to plan), it is planned to transfer it to the Baltic Fleet; in 2009 the frigate "Admiral of the Fleet Kasatonov" was laid down; its commissioning is scheduled for 2012.
History
The draft design of the ship was developed at the Northern Design Bureau and approved in June 2003 by the fleet command. In early 2005, the project was approved as a multipurpose frigate (according to the Soviet classification - a large patrol ship). On February 28, 2005, a tender was announced for the construction of this ship, three shipbuilding enterprises participated in it: Severnaya Verf, Pribaltiyskiy Zavod Yantar and FSUE Sevmashpredpriyatie.
The order was received by Severnaya Verf Shipyard OJSC. On February 1, 2006, the ship was laid down, and it was assigned the serial number 921. By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral Vladimir Masorin, the frigate was named "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union Sergei Gorshkov". On November 26, 2009, the laying of the second frigate of the series took place. He was named "Admiral of the Kasatonov Fleet." The cost of the lead ship of Project 22350 should be about 400-420 million US dollars, but as a result, the real cost of building one frigate may rise to 500 million US dollars.
It is symbolic that the new Russian frigates are named after the Soviet admirals who have done so much for the Soviet Navy, and the link between generations is very important. Gorshkov and Kasatonov are classmates at the Naval Academy, comrades-in-arms in the service. On parallel courses next to each other, they served for over half a century. Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union S. G. Gorshkov for almost three decades since 1956 was the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy and Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR. Prior to that, for four years (1951-1955), he commanded the Black Sea Fleet. In fact, Gorshkov implemented the idea of creating the country's ocean-going fleet. One of his closest associates was Vladimir Afanasyevich Kasatonov.
V. A. Kasatonov was born in 1910 in Peterhof. In 1927 he entered, and in 1931 graduated from the Naval School, then the Naval Academy (1941). During the Great Patriotic War, he was the chief of staff of a separate submarine division of the Baltic Fleet, where he skillfully applied the service experience, once acquired in the Baltic and the Pacific Fleet. Then he was transferred to Moscow, where he served as the head of the operational management department of the Main Naval Staff of the Navy. He was one of the participants in the work of the Yalta conference, based on its results he prepared the military operations of the Pacific Fleet in the Far East in a future war with Japan. 1945-1947 - Chief of Staff of the Kronstadt Naval Defense Region, Chief of the Naval Department of the Main Operations Directorate of the General Staff. In 1947-1949 he was the head of the department and the assistant to the head of the Main Directorate of the General Staff. Since 1949 - Chief of Staff of the 5th Navy, then - Pacific Fleet, Commander of the 8th Navy, Black Sea, and later Northern Fleets. In 1964-1974 - First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy. Since 1974 - in the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Hero of the Soviet Union (1966) Admiral of the Fleet Kasatonov is one of the leading organizers of the development of the atomic fleet. He made a trip on a nuclear-powered ship to the North Pole region. In 1971-1972 he headed the Soviet delegation in negotiations with the US Navy. As a result, an agreement was adopted on the Prevention of Incidents on the High Seas and in Airspace. Awarded with 14 orders. Vladimir Afanasevich died in 1989. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Purpose: The frigate is designed to conduct combat operations against surface ships and submarines in ocean and sea areas, as well as to repel attacks by air attack weapons both independently and as part of a ship formation.
Peculiarities
Frigates are made according to the modern concept of stealth ships. They have missile armament built into the hull, and a solid superstructure, which is made using composite materials (based on polyvinyl chloride and carbon fibers). This provides absorption and dispersion of radio waves, which significantly reduces the level of the secondary radar field of the ship. The effective dispersion surface has been significantly reduced, all this is provided, in addition to the use of the above materials, also by the original configuration of the superstructure. The aft end of the ship is transom. The sharp stem should provide the ship with good seaworthiness. The frigates have a double bottom, which stretches from the bow compartments with ammunition to the engine room and aft clearance. New stabilizers were installed with fixed rudders. Roll stabilization devices should ensure the confident use of the entire arsenal of weapons at sea waves up to 4-5 points. Missile ammunition will be stored in vertical launchers with additional protection. A hangar is installed at the stern, which can accommodate one Ka-28 helicopter.
Power point
For the ship, a diesel-gas turbine power plant with a total capacity of 65,000 liters was selected as a power plant. with. Installation of a diesel-gas turbine unit of the CODAG type, which ensures the joint operation of diesel engines and gas turbine engines in the DGTA-M55MR unit. This solution will make it possible to obtain greater total power and economy at low speeds under diesel engines. The layout of the DGTU elements will most likely be located in two compartments: gas turbine engines in the bow, and diesel engines in the aft engine room.
Two new diesel engines of the Kolomna plant 10D49, 3825 kW (5200 hp) each with automated control, will be installed as a propulsion system, each has a two-speed gear transmission, providing joint and separate operation of diesel engines with a sound-insulating composite clutch, and a local control system. The accelerator unit will be represented by two gas turbine engines M90FR jointly developed by NPO Saturn and NPP Zarya - Mashproekt with a capacity of 27,500 hp each. Thus, on two cruising diesel engines, the ship will have a power of 10,400 hp, which will correspond to 15-16 knots. economical course. And at full speed with the combined operation of diesel engines and turbines - 64800 hp. which should be enough for 29-30 knots. full speed for a ship of this displacement. It should be noted that this is the most optimal solution for a ship of this class and previously in the domestic fleet was not implemented only because of the complexity of the design, the great complexity of control of the installation due to the different principle of regulation of the sustainer and accelerator engines and the unwillingness of the developers of the units to take on the development of the entire installation. in complex.
Armament
- Two universal shipborne firing complexes 3S14U1 (a total of two standard modules of eight cells) designed to store and launch sixteen anti-ship cruise missiles ZM55 "Onyx" (PJ-10 BrahMos), or anti-ship and anti-submarine missiles of the "Caliber-NKE" (3M -54, 3M14, 91RTE2). The use of this complex makes this combat ship truly multipurpose. Since its combat purpose can be easily changed by replacing the ammunition with another type of missile.
- SAM: Initially, it was planned to install on the ship SAM "Uragan" (or its modernized version "Shtil-1"). But most likely this idea will be abandoned, since since the 90s, work has been underway to create a new medium-range air defense system with vertical cellular-type launchers for 32 or more missiles. For this launcher, a new short-range missile is now being actively developed - up to 10 km, with a diameter of 125 mm, an analogue of the RVV-AE (9m100) aircraft SAM. Up to four missiles can be placed in one cell, and in this case the full ammunition load of the ship can grow to 128 small-radius missiles, which, you see, is important. The new anti-aircraft complex is called "Polyment-Redut", and it will be maximally unified with the mobile ground complex "Vityaz" being developed now.
The complex will include 4 phased antenna arrays (AFAR) "Polyment", a general-view radar, an air defense system "Redut" with vertical launchers (VPU) for medium and short-range missiles, as well as systems of a single controls, electronic warfare equipment, artillery mounts A-192 and ZAK "Broadsword", all elements will work and be controlled in a single air defense circuit, providing all-round air defense of the ship from aircraft and low-flying targets. The complex will be able to simultaneously issue target designation for at least 16 targets (4 for each phased array). The complex will be able to maintain a rate of fire of up to one rocket per second. After that, the low-flying targets that have broken through will be finished off with the help of artillery. The system will also suppress missile guidance systems using its electronic warfare systems. All this makes it possible to create an air defense system with a single contour. In addition, this will reduce the number of combat posts and significantly reduce the ship's crew.
- Artillery complex: new 130-mm artillery mount A-192 (firing range up to 22 km, rate of fire - 30 rounds per minute). The artillery system has a wide range of firing angles (170/80 °); The range of ammunition allows it to hit coastal, sea and air targets, and the new 5P-10 Puma artillery fire control radar system has a multichannel system for fired targets. Next to the helicopter hangar, it is planned to place two combat modules ZRAK "Broadsword" on the sides.
- Anti-submarine weapons: will consist of 2 Medvedka-2 launchers. This complex will have four missiles in each launch module and will also be located on the sides in the area of the middle part of the superstructure behind the gate ports. Enemy submarines will be detected by the ZARYA-M hydroacoustic complex or by its further modernization and by the VINETKA-M low-frequency active-passive hydroacoustic station. This station consists of a towed flexible extended antenna (GPBA) and a low-frequency emitter, which provides effective detection of low-noise submarines in sonar mode. In addition, simultaneously with sonar, the sonar system is operating, which will make it possible to detect torpedoes and surface ships at a great distance - up to 60 km.
- Aviation component: Ka-28 anti-submarine helicopter.
Basic performance characteristics
Displacement - 3900/4500 t, Main dimensions, m: length - 130-135, Width - 16, Draft - 4.5, Power plant - Diesel-gas turbine power, Power - 65,000 hp with. (general), 2 diesel engines 10D49 with a capacity of 5200 hp each. with., 2 GTE M90FR with a capacity of 27,500 liters. with., Full speed, knots - 29, Cruising range, miles (knots) - 4000 (14uz), Autonomy, day - 30, Number of shafts - 2, Screw type - fixed pitch propellers, Crew, people - 180-210, Armament:
Rocket - UKSK: 2x8, SAM - 4x8 SAM "Redut", AU - 130mm (A-192), ZRAK - 2 BM "Broadsword", PLUR - 2х4 "Medvedka-2", AB - 1 Ka-28 helicopter.
