In order to simplify the operation of numerous equipment, the army orders the assembly of the required samples on the basis of a unified chassis. Currently, the troops have a fleet of various combat and special vehicles built using several main special wheeled chassis. A significant part of such equipment, both long ago transferred to the troops and in serial production, is being built using the BAZ-69092 multipurpose chassis.
The history of the special vehicle BAZ-69092 dates back to the early nineties of the last century. As a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the main manufacturers of special chassis - the Minsk and Kremenchug automobile plants - remained outside Russia, which could affect the supply of the necessary equipment. To solve this problem, it was proposed to create our own special wheeled chassis with the required characteristics. The corresponding project started in 1992.
A prototype of the BAZ-69092 chassis. Photo Russian-sila.rf
The Bryansk Automobile Plant (BAZ), which already had some experience in the construction of special wheeled vehicles, was entrusted with the implementation of development work with the Voshchina-1 code. The designers of the plant, headed by V. P. Trusov and Yu. A. Shpak solved the tasks and created a whole family of cars capable of performing different functions. Due to the well-known problems of the nineties, the design was delayed, but by the end of the decade, the new technology was brought to testing.
The Voshchina-1 family included several models of equipment that had certain differences and were designed to solve different problems. Thus, four-axle vehicles BAZ-6909, BAZ-69091, BAZ-6403 and BAZ-6306 were created, capable of transporting cargo on a platform or towing it. In addition, the ROC led to the appearance of the six-wheeled chassis BAZ-6402 and BAZ-69092. Subsequently, some members of the family were finalized and introduced to the civilian market.
After carrying out all the necessary tests and fine-tuning, it was decided to accept new chassis for supply, as well as to start mass production. The corresponding orders appeared in the middle of the last decade. Subsequently, the Bryansk Automobile Plant mastered the full-scale production of all new chassis. Such products are shipped to various enterprises of the defense industry that are engaged in the construction of one or another equipment. Depending on the nature of the existing orders, the chassis, including the BAZ-69092, receive one or another special equipment that turns it into a special vehicle from the ordered complex.
The use of a special chassis in the construction of air defense systems. Photo Concern VKO "Almaz-Antey" / Russkaya-sila.rf
The technique of the Voshchina-1 family has the maximum possible degree of unification and is based on the same technical solutions. At the same time, the specific requirements for its individual representatives led to the appearance of noticeable differences. The considered special chassis BAZ-69092 is a three-axle all-wheel drive vehicle with a cabover cab. Depending on the modification, the cargo platform can be equipped with one or another equipment.
The basis of the design of BAZ-69092, as well as other special machines, is a welded ladder-type frame, which includes spars of a Z-shaped profile. In the front part of the frame, a crew cabin is installed, behind which there is a volume for installing the engine. The rear of the frame serves as a base for mounting a loading platform or other target equipment. The layout of the undercarriage is determined taking into account the existing loads. Thus, the front axle is located under the engine compartment, and the two rear axles are located directly under the center of the cargo platform.
The three-seater cockpit has a hull built according to a frame-panel scheme. In its original configuration, it is made of metal and has no protection. During the construction of certain modifications of the chassis, it is possible to install additional armor panels covering part of the projections. The cab has developed front and side glazing. Access to the cab is provided by side doors. The use of the FVUA-100A-24 filtering unit is envisaged. Also, the machine can be equipped with anti-radiation screens, light shields, etc.
Directly behind the cabin, in a compartment of reduced height, there is a multi-fuel turbocharged diesel engine YaMZ-8491.10-032 with a capacity of 450 hp. Through the YaMZ-2393-10 gearbox and other mechanical transmission units, power is distributed to all six wheels. It uses a two-speed transfer case with two low gears and a differential with positive locking. The second and third axles are equipped with locking cross-axle differentials.
Chassis BAZ-69092-015. Photo Russianarms.ru
For a certain time, an experimental chassis BAZ-69092-011, intended for testing an alternative power plant, took part in the tests. It was equipped with a 450-horsepower TMZ-8424.10-032 engine built in the city of Tutaev. After the completion of the tests, the only prototype of the "011" machine was handed over to the Ryazan Automobile School. The project was approved and further developed. Some of the vehicles based on the BAZ-69092 chassis are equipped with TMZ engines.
The three-axle undercarriage of the BAZ-69092 chassis has an independent suspension of all wheels. Two torsion bars and a hydraulic shock absorber are used as elastic elements on each axle shaft. Wheels with ID-370 tires with dimensions 1350x550-533R were used. For the correct distribution of the weight of the machine, the axles are located at different intervals: the distance between the two rear axles supporting the load platform is minimal. In case of breakdown, the car has a spare wheel. It is proposed to be transported on mountings behind the cab, to the right of the engine. At the same time, some vehicles based on BAZ-69092 do not have such fasteners due to the dimensions of the installed hulls.
The undercarriage is equipped with a pneumohydraulic brake system. The front axle is steered. Due to heavy loads, the steering has a hydraulic booster. The liquid is supplied to the latter by the main and standby pumps.
BAZ-69092-015, view to the starboard side. Photo Russianarms.ru
The rear part of the frame is intended for the installation of one or another equipment. Various modifications of the special machine BAZ-69092 receive various equipment that meets the customer's requirements. This can be a cargo platform, an enclosed cockpit, etc., up to launchers for missile weapons. There is also a rear hitch for handling the payload. With its help, the car can tow a trailer of permissible weight.
The own length of the special wheeled chassis BAZ-69092 does not exceed 11 m. Width - 2, 75 m, height - no more than 2, 9 m. Curb weight is within 15, 5 tons. Carrying capacity - 13 tons, due to which the total weight of the machine should not exceed 28, 7 tons. With the help of a relatively powerful engine, the car is capable of speeds up to 80 km / h on the highway. The power reserve is 1000 km. It is possible to cross a ditch 0.9 m wide, climb a 30-degree slope or overcome a ford up to 1.4 m deep.
The first prototype of the BAZ-69092 machine, intended for testing, received a relatively simple target equipment. For the transportation of ballast, he received an onboard body. In this configuration, the chassis confirmed the design characteristics, which made it possible to develop and put into series several specialized modifications for various purposes. It should be noted that all such machines have their own designations that allow them to be uniquely identified.
Chassis modifications BAZ-69092-013, BAZ-69092-015 and BAZ-69092-017 are intended for the installation of the equipment of the 64L6 "Gamma-C1" radar station. Large bodies with special equipment, including radar antenna devices, are installed on the cargo areas of such vehicles. As part of the 64L6 type station and its modifications, three special chassis are used, carrying different equipment.
Antenna device of the 64L6M radar mounted on the BAZ-69092-013 chassis. Photo by the author
Special wheeled chassis BAZ-69092 are also widely used in the construction of modern air defense systems. This technique is used as a basis for self-propelled launchers, transport-loading vehicles and other means from the S-300 and S-400 complexes. At the same time, due to the dimensions of the products used, some of these machines are used in the configuration of a tractor operating together with special trailers.
In the BAZ-69092-021 modification, the chassis functions as a truck or tractor. This version of the project provides for the installation of a side body with rear loading. The payload can be protected by a textile tarpaulin attached to the supporting arches. In the configuration of a towing truck, the machine can transport or tow a load weighing up to 15 tons.
According to available data, at a certain period, the BAZ-69092 chassis were considered as promising carriers of special equipment for the engineering troops. Using this technique, it was possible to build engineering and construction vehicles for various purposes. However, none of these projects was able to reach full-fledged implementation. All new engineering vehicles based on wheeled automobile chassis were subsequently built using equipment from other factories.
BAZ-69092-021 during a recent run. Photo IA "Arms of Russia" /
Commercial organizations are offered a special BAZ-69095 chassis, which is a civilian version of the BAZ-69092 vehicle. This sample is proposed for use in the construction of truck cranes, oil and gas machines, etc. The BAZ-69095 differs from the basic military chassis in a less powerful engine, a slightly reduced carrying capacity and a simplified cab configuration. For obvious reasons, a commercial model does not need means of protection against weapons of mass destruction, etc.
Special wheeled chassis, created as part of the Voshchina-1 ROC, were accepted for supply in the middle of the last decade. Together with other models, several modifications of BAZ-69092 machines entered serial production. This technique is mainly intended for the construction of a wide range of special machines and receives a variety of additional equipment.
In accordance with the initial technical specifications, the BAZ-69092 chassis had to differ not only in carrying capacity, but also in high mobility in all landscapes. Due to the use of a relatively powerful engine and a successful running gear, all vehicles of the family are able to move with full load on different soils. This, to a certain extent, increases the mobility of both troops as a whole and of their individual complexes for various purposes.
The high cross-country ability and mobility of the BAZ-69092 chassis was recently confirmed in practice. In September 2017, the Main Armored Directorate organized a run of promising samples of military and special equipment from Bronnitsy near Moscow to Mount Elbrus. Together with other cars of different classes, the BAZ-69092-021 car took part in this event. Before entering the route, a payload corresponding to its maximum characteristics was placed in the body of such a truck.
Special chassis for mountain roads. Photo IA "Arms of Russia" /
The column of army equipment passed along the Volga, after which it crossed the desert areas of the Astrakhan region and Kalmykia. Then the crews headed to the foot of Elbrus. The length of the route (one way) exceeded 2200 km. The vehicles were on the road for more than two weeks. During the run, several stops were made to carry out various tests in special conditions. In addition, some of the stops were forced.
Like other examples of modern domestic technology, the BAZ-69092-021 machine successfully coped with the assigned tasks. The heavy chassis reached the final point of the route, and then returned to Bronnitsy on its own. During the run, this car has solved all the tasks. In addition, she had to participate in a "rescue operation". During one of the studies, an armored car got stuck in the sand of the desert, and a special vehicle with high performance took over the role of a tug.
The purpose of the Voshchin-1 development work was to create a family of unified special wheeled chassis capable of replacing similar foreign-made equipment. From a technical point of view, such tasks were successfully solved, and a significant number of special equipment on domestic chassis entered service. It should be noted that the deployment of production of a number of BAZ vehicles did not lead to a complete rejection of imported samples. However, even in this case, the army was able to obtain a sufficient number of the necessary vehicles with the required characteristics and capabilities.
