In the second part, we examined the main modifications of the IMR-2. But the improvement of the machine and its equipment did not stop. They continue to this day.
In the mid-1980s. an experimental model of a trawling device was tested at the IMR. This was due to the fact that the machine's knife trawl (like the KMT-6 trawl for tanks) did not provide reliable trawling of mines buried more than 30 cm - it was 20%. In the course of the work, a trawling device was developed in the form of a frame, which was hung on a universal bulldozer. As a result, the total weight of all components of the trawl was reduced, but the reliability of trawling mines at a depth of 50 cm was increased by only 10%.
Experimental trawling device on the IMR-2 bulldozer
Also, in recent decades, a lot of robots have been carried out to modernize and improve the working bodies of the IMR. For example, we will give a patent for an interesting modernization (or change) of the IMR-2M gripper-manipulator:
Clearing engineering machine (Patent RU 2072088):
F41H13 - Means of attack or defense, not elsewhere classified. Authors of the patent: Kondratovich A. A., Afanasyev V. E., Primak L. V., Cherepanov V. D., Kuptsov V. I.
The invention relates to a means of overcoming obstacles and obstacles, in particular forest and stone blockages. The clearing engineering machine contains a base chassis 1, on which a universal bulldozer working body 2 and a turntable 3 with a telescopic boom 4 are mounted. New in the machine is that the telescopic boom is equipped with a grip 5 with control hydraulic cylinders 6, made in the form of two articulated jaws, one - in the form of a bulldozer blade 7 with spikes 8 fixed on it, the other - in the form of a frame 9 with teeth 10 rigidly fixed on it.
Fig. 1
The invention relates to a means of overcoming obstacles and obstacles, in particular, forest and stone blockages.
Known engineering machine for clearing IMR-2M, containing a tracked chassis, on which a universal bulldozer working body and a rotary platform with a telescopic boom are mounted, on which a working body in the form of a grab-manipulator is mounted. The disadvantage of this machine is its low productivity when making passages in forest and stone blockages.
The task of the proposed technical solution is to increase the productivity of the machine when making passages in forest and stone blockages.
The comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows the possibility of increasing the productivity of the machine when arranging passages in stone and forest heaps by 2-3 times.
The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.
Figure 1 shows an engineering machine barrage (IMR), side view; in fig. 2 grip in open position, side view; figure 3 capture in a closed position, side view; figure 4 gripper in the open position, front view; Fig. 5 shows the gripper in the closed position, front view.
IMR works as follows. When making passages in rubble, where the fine fraction predominates, as well as when making an entrance to a steep soil slope, the jaws of the gripper 5 are closed (Figs. 3 and 5).
Fig. 3
Fig. 5
Lowering the telescopic boom 4, grab 5 is introduced into the obstruction (slope), then pulling the telescopic boom and turning the grab in the vertical plane, clamp the elements of the obstruction between the grip and the blade of the dozer working body 2 lowered to the ground, after which the movement of the base machine mixes the elements of the obstruction in the desired direction (the soil from the slope between the grip and the dozer blade is not clamped, but moves in the direction of the machine, due to which an entrance is formed).
When making passages in the rubble, where the large fraction (logs, reinforced concrete slabs, etc.) prevails, the grip 5 is opened (Figs. 2 and 4). Lowering the telescopic boom 4 and turning the grip 5 in the vertical and horizontal planes to give it the required orientation, they introduce it with the teeth 10 into the blockage, simultaneously closing the jaws 7, 9 and clamping the blockage elements between them. Then, controlling the telescopic boom 4 and the turntable 3, move the elements of the blockage in the desired direction.
Fig. 2
] Fig. 4
If necessary, these cycles are repeated.
Due to the application of the proposed technical solution, it becomes possible to increase by 2-3 times the productivity of the machine when making passes in the rubble, while the rest of the functionality of the machine is preserved.
Perhaps, when parsing a blockage, such a grip is more profitable. But with it, the versatility of the machine is lost. After all, sometimes you need to dig a trench or ditch, remove bulk material away from the path, and not move it, etc.
Foreign analogues
In the armies of other countries of the world (not counting the republics of the former USSR - there is an IMR) there are also engineering vehicles similar to the IMR-2. They are named differently: a sapper tank, an armored (combat) engineering vehicle, an engineering barrage vehicle. Their equipment composition may also differ from that of IMR-2, but the range of tasks performed is practically the same. Below are several representatives of this family.
United Kingdom:
Sapper tank "CHIEFTAIN" AVRE. "Chieftain" is designed to ensure high mobility of tank battle groups by clearing their paths of movement in conditions of massive use of obstacles by the enemy, including mines. Instead of a tower, a cargo tipping platform was mounted to accommodate working equipment. The tank is equipped with an EMP track-type knife mine sweep with a hydraulic control system, UDK1 bulldozer equipment suspended instead of a trawl in 10 minutes, up to three packs of plastic pipes for overcoming anti-tank ditches, one or two sets of extended demining charges on L8 trailers, flexible road surface of the class 60, a winch with a force of 10 tons, crane equipment. A total of 46 sapper tanks were ordered.
Sapper tank "Chieftain"
Since 2008, the British Engineering Forces have been using the Troyan vehicle to accomplish troop escort missions. The engineering units received 33 such vehicles to replace the Chieftain armored engineering vehicles in service. The chassis of the Troyan combat engineering vehicle (BIM) is based on the components and assemblies of the Challenger 2 main battle tank. The Troyan vehicle is equipped with powerful modular armor protection similar to the base tank, which should provide protection for the crew from the explosion of an anti-tank mine, as well as from the fire of most anti-tank weapons. Since machines of this type are often forced to perform engineering support tasks associated with a risk to the life of the crew, they can be used in remote control mode. It uses a remote-controlled 7.62mm machine gun as its armament.
As standard, the Troyan is equipped with a hydraulically driven dozer blade mounted in the bow. The blade can be used both for the destruction of obstacles and for the quick preparation of firing positions. If it is necessary to make a passage in mine-explosive obstacles, it can be quickly replaced in the field with a knife mine sweep or a plow-type mine sweep. Making passages in a minefield is also possible in an explosive manner. To do this, the Troyan can tow a Python mine clearance system on a trailer. If necessary, an electromagnetic mine sweep can be installed on this machine to destroy mines equipped with proximity fuses. The rear platform is designed for transportation of various engineering equipment, such as fascines. An excavator boom with hydraulic control is mounted on the starboard side of the BIM "Troyan". Today, only this engineering machine is maximally adapted for use in modern conflicts.
Engineering vehicle "Troyan"
Since 2010, the British engineering troops began to receive Terrier combat engineering vehicles from the British company BAE Systems. The "Terrier" can perform a wide range of works, including laying column routes, ensuring the advance of troops through destruction zones, digging trenches, anti-tank ditches, creating engineering barriers, loading and laying fascines. Combat engineering vehicle Terrier is equipped with a fly-by-wire system that allows you to control the machine from a distance of up to one kilometer. The vehicle is capable of transporting 5 tons of materials, is armed with a 7.62-mm machine gun, as well as smoke grenade launchers to create a smoke screen, equipped with an NBC protection system, infrared cameras. The Terrier has a gross weight of 32 tons, it has an all-welded armored hull and can be additionally equipped with hinged armor. The crew consists of 2 people.
IMR "Terrier"
Germany:
The German sapper tank "Pionierpanzer 2" is designed to assist heavy combat vehicles in crossing water obstacles, as well as to carry out excavation and lifting operations in advanced areas. It is a further development of the "Pionierpanzer 1" sapper tank, made on the basis of the "Leopard 1" tank. The machine is equipped with a telescopic excavator boom, bulldozer equipment, a set of equipment for electric cutting and welding, powered by a built-in electric generator, a capstan winch with a cable tension mechanism. Armament includes 7, 62 mm machine gun. The system of remote control of excavator equipment allows you to more accurately carry out excavation, lifting and other work. The triangular box boom is placed on the starboard side in front of the hull and in the stowed position is placed on the roof. Bulldozer equipment can be equipped with flaps increasing the cutting width up to 3.75 m. Ripper teeth are hinged on the rear side of the blade. The sapper tank can be equipped with underwater driving equipment, which provides overcoming water obstacles up to 4 m deep.
Sapper tank "Pioneerpancer2"
France:
The AMX-30 EBG sapper tank was created on the chassis of the AMX-30 bridgelayer, but with a new engine, suspension and transmission of the AMX-30V2 modification. It is equipped with bulldozer equipment with a capacity of 120 m3 per hour. Scraper equipment is also available. When using it, the machine slowly backs up along the road, leveling it. The machine is equipped with four tubular guides for remote mining of the terrain, as well as a launcher for an extended demining charge. The main armament is a 142-mm cannon, fired from which 17-kg shells are used.
Sapper tank AMX-30 EBG
USA:
Engineering vehicle clearing IMR M1 Grizzly. The "Grizzly" engineering vehicle (otherwise "Breacher") has been developed since 1992 and is intended for making passages in minefields, pulling away debris, equipping crossings through anti-tank ditches and approaches to crossings through water obstacles and dry lands, fragments of ditches for shelter (starboard, telescopic boom mounted) and trenches for combat vehicles. Based on the M1 Abrams tank. The machine is equipped with excavator equipment, a double-blade mine trawl with equipment for automatic adjustment of the depth of trawling. On a 10-m telescopic box-shaped boom of a triangular section, you can attach a bucket with a capacity of 1.5 cubic meters. m, load hook or grab. Armament includes 7, 62-mm machine gun and 40-mm grenade launcher.
IMR- "Grizzly"
However, unsatisfactory test results and the high cost of prototypes caused the suspension of funding for the Assalt Breacher program. However, in 2007, 33 such vehicles were purchased for the US Marine Corps. The main engineering equipment of the BIM "Breacher" is a plow mine sweep mounted on the bow of the machine. With the help of this equipment, the machine can make a continuous passage with a width of 4.5 m in a minefield from anti-tank and anti-personnel mines equipped with contact fuses at a speed of about 5 km / h. The machine provides for the placement of two elongated demining charges "Miklik". The BIM crew is two people. Places for placing sappers, additional equipment and equipment are not provided. In addition, this machine is equipped with several video cameras and a radio remote control system.
Instead of a conclusion
IMR-2M army of Kazakhstan
IMR-3. The KMT-P3 anti-tank trawl is clearly visible in the front of the hull.
IMR for dismantling the rubble
SOURCES:
Baryatinsky M. T-72. Russian armor against NATO. M.: Collection, Yauza, 2008.
Fight an invisible enemy. IMR-2D, Chernobyl "dinosaur" // https://strangernn.livejournal.com/ 869308.html.
-Military unit A 2070 Design and Technology Center (KTC MO of Ukraine) //
Chernobyl sights: the famous IMR-2 machine is an irreplaceable liquidation technique //
IMR - engineering clearing machine //
-IMR-1 object 616a -
IMR-2 (military unit in Novograd-Volynsky) // https://photo.qip.ru/users/coast70/150500371/ 161300080 / #mainImageLink.
Engineering vehicle for clearing IMR. Technical description and instruction manual. M.: Military publishing house, 1972.
Engineering vehicle for clearing IMR-2M. Technical description and instruction manual. - M.: Military publishing house, 1990.
Clearing Engineering Machine (RF Patent Office) //
Engineering machine IMR-2 //
Engineering vehicle for clearing IMR-2. Lviv Armored Repair Plant //
History of domestic mine trawls // Technics and weapons. Yesterday Today Tomorrow. No. 6. 2012.
"How it was. Remembering the Chernobyl disaster”. The site "Global Catastrophe" //
Research and Design Institute of Assembly Technology - Atomstroy // https://expodigital.ru/?m1=Innovation environment
- JSC Scientific and Production Corporation URALVAGONZAVOD //
Runov V. A. Afghan war. Combat operations. M.: Yauza, Eksmo, 2008.
Red Forest: Liquidation //
Modern weapon of the world. Engineering machines //
Feschuk M. Armored fist of the USSR. The main Soviet tanks and special equipment based on them. (1961-1991).
Chernobyl //
