November 20 marks 70 years since the beginning of the Nuremberg Trials. The Nuremberg Trials are the trial of a group of top Nazi war criminals. It is also called the "Court of History". Held in Nuremberg (Germany) from November 20, 1945 to October 1, 1946 at the International Military Tribunal.
Soon after the end of the war, the victorious powers of the USSR, the USA, England and France, during the London Conference, approved the Agreement on the Establishment of an International Military Tribunal and its charter, the principles of which were approved by the UN General Assembly as generally recognized in the fight against crimes against humanity.
On August 29, 1945, a list of top war criminals was published, including 24 prominent Nazis. This list included such prominent military and party leaders of the Third Reich as the Commander-in-Chief of the German Air Force, Reichsmarschall Hermann Goering, Deputy Fuehrer for the leadership of the Nazi party Rudolf Hess, Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, one of the main ideologues of Nazism, Reich Minister for Eastern Affairs territories Alfred Rosenberg, Chief of Staff of the Supreme High Command of the German Armed Forces Wilhelm Keitel, Commander-in-Chief of the Navy of Nazi Germany (1943-1945), Head of State and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Nazi Germany from April 30 to May 23, 1945 Karl Dönitz, Chief of Operational Headquarters OKW Alfred Jodl, etc.
The defendants were charged with planning, preparing, unleashing or waging an aggressive war in order to establish the world domination of German imperialism, i.e. in crimes against peace; in the murder and torture of prisoners of war and civilians of the occupied countries, the deportation of civilians to Germany for forced labor, the killing of hostages, the plundering of public and private property, the aimless destruction of cities and villages, in ruin not justified by military necessity, i.e. in war crimes; in the extermination, enslavement, exile and other atrocities committed against the civilian population for political, racial or religious reasons, that is, in crimes against humanity.
The question was also raised of recognizing as criminal such organizations of fascist Germany as the leadership of the National Socialist Party, the assault (SA) and security detachments of the National Socialist Party (SS), the security service (SD), the state secret police (Gestapo), the government cabinet and the general staff.
On October 18, 1945, the indictment arrived at the International Military Tribunal and, a month before the start of the trial, was served on each of the accused in German. On November 25, 1945, after reading the indictment, Robert Ley (head of the German Labor Front) committed suicide, and Gustav Krupp was declared terminally ill by the medical commission, and the case against him was dismissed pending trial. The rest of the accused were brought to trial.
In accordance with the London Agreement, the International Military Tribunal was formed on an equal footing from representatives of four countries. Lord Jeffrey Lawrence, the representative of England, was appointed chief judge. From other countries, the members of the tribunal were approved: Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, Major General of Justice Iona Nikitchenko, former US Attorney General Francis Biddle, Professor of Criminal Law of France Henri Donnedier de Vabre. Each of the four victorious powers sent their main prosecutors, their deputies and assistants to the trial: Attorney General of the Ukrainian SSR Roman Rudenko, member of the US Federal Supreme Court Robert Jackson, from England - Hartley Shawcross, from France - Francois de Menton (later Champentier de Ribes).
During the process, 403 open court sessions were held, 116 witnesses were questioned, numerous written testimonies and documentary evidence were considered (mainly official documents from German ministries and departments, the General Staff, military concerns and banks). Due to the unprecedented severity of the crimes committed by the defendants, doubts arose whether to observe democratic norms of legal proceedings in relation to them. Thus, representatives of the prosecution from England and the United States proposed not to give the defendants the last word. However, representatives of the USSR and France insisted on the opposite.
The trial was tense not only because of the unusualness of the tribunal itself and the charges brought against the defendants. The post-war exacerbation of relations between the USSR and the West after Churchill's famous Fulton speech also affected, and the defendants, sensing the prevailing political situation, skillfully dragged on for time and hoped to escape the well-deserved punishment. In such a difficult situation, the tough and professional actions of the Soviet prosecution played a key role. The film about concentration camps, shot by front-line cameramen, finally turned the tide of the process. The terrible pictures of Majdanek, Sachsenhausen, Auschwitz completely removed the doubts of the tribunal.
September 30 - October 1, 1946 the verdict was announced. All of the defendants, except three (Fritsche, Papen, Schacht), were found guilty of the charges and sentenced: some to death by hanging, others to life imprisonment. Only a few received sentences ranging from 10 to 20 years in prison. The Tribunal recognized the SS, Gestapo, SD and the leadership of the Nazi Party as criminal organizations. The convicts' petitions for clemency were rejected by the Control Council, and on the night of October 16, 1946, the death sentence was carried out. Goering was poisoned in prison shortly before his execution. Trials of lesser war criminals continued in Nuremberg until the 1950s, but this time in an American court.
The victory over the Third Reich and the project of Nazi Europe led by Germany became the most important event in the history of mankind. The Soviet civilization de facto crushed the “inferno civilization” - a concentrated embodiment of the Western project, caste, racial, misanthropic and slave-owning society. The new world order, which the ideologists of the Third Reich dreamed of building, was, in fact, the embodiment of the plans of the masters of the United States and England. After all, it was Washington and London who at one time nurtured, nurtured, trained Hitler, preparing him for an attack on the USSR. No wonder many Hitlerites took the British Empire as a model with its first reservations, concentration camps, mass destruction of "subhumans", division of people into castes, where white aristocrats and bankers dominated the masses of white poor and colored slaves.
The Soviet Union, which set itself the goal of building a just society, a society of creation and service, where there will be no parasitism and oppression of people, won a victory over the infernal Third Reich, saved all mankind from slavery. The logical conclusion of the war was the trial of war criminals guilty of the death and torture of millions, tens of millions of people. The verdict of the International Tribunal in Nuremberg for the first time condemned not only Nazism, but also militarism. The verdict stated that “unleashing an aggressive war is not only an international crime. It is the gravest international crime”.
In the 17th century, 3 million people died in wars in Europe, in the 18th century - 5, 2 million people, in the 19th century. - 5.5 million people. The First World War claimed the lives of 10 million people, the Second World War - 50 million, possibly much more, because the losses of China are impossible to calculate. Moreover, the Soviet Union alone lost about 27 million people. The Second World War was accompanied by massive atrocities. Thus, about 18 million people were held in concentration camps, of which 11 million were destroyed.
Previously, there were only theoretical considerations about responsibility for an aggressive war. Attempts to bring to justice Wilhelm II and about 800 more German soldiers convicted of war crimes committed during the First World War, practically ended in nothing. Only 12 people were sentenced to short-term imprisonment, but they were soon released.
Before the outbreak of World War II, there was a real opportunity to save Europe from a big war. The Soviet Union put forward a plan to create a collective security system. However, in response to this, the Western "democracies" took the path of encouraging aggression, militarism, Nazism and fascism, hoping to direct the spearhead of aggression against the USSR. Fueled by the contradictions of the Versailles system and the deepening crisis of capitalism, the Second World War was provoked by the efforts of Paris, to which in the end, London and Washington were sacrificed. The financial and industrial clans (the so-called "financial international", "golden elite", "world behind the scenes"), which stood behind France, England and the United States, with a hierarchy of closed clubs, Masonic lodges and other organizations, set as their goal the New World Order - a global slave-owning pyramid, with the complete enslavement of humanity. After the First World War, it was not possible to establish a New World Order, since the Russian people broke away from the project of a "world revolution" and began to build socialism in a single country. However, the West did not deviate from their goal.
Soviet civilization presented to mankind an alternative fair world order - a society of creation and service, a society without exploitation, parasitism of some over others. This society led humanity to the stars, revealed the endless creative potential of man. It was a challenge to the owners of the western project, since the sympathies of the best representatives of humanity were on the side of the USSR. Therefore, London and Washington began to nurture fascism and Nazism in Europe in order to once again confront Germany and Russia-USSR. Italian fascism was too weak, and removed from the USSR, so the main stake was made on Hitler, giving him the care of Italy, and dwarf Nazis and militarists like Hungary, Romania and Finland. Almost all of Europe was given to Hitler, including France, so that he could organize a "crusade" against the USSR. In fact, only Switzerland remained outside the influence of Hitler, since it was one of the "springboards" of the world behind the scenes. Hitler received colossal assistance from the West - financial, economic, technical, military and political. For a long time, Hitler was one of the most popular leaders in the West. The masters of the West were generous: all means were good for the destruction of the USSR.
The Nazis met the hopes of the owners. They began to solve the "Russian question": a colossal destruction machine was launched. The Nazis used all the previous developments of the Anglo-Saxons: any atrocities against "subhumans" were allowed, concentration camps, the elimination of cultural achievements, historical heritage, famine, etc. The elimination of the "inferior" population went on at the state level, programs were developed for the mass destruction and eviction of civilians, plundering and colonization of Soviet territories. It is not surprising that the USSR lost about 27 million people in the war, most of them civilians and prisoners of war.
At the beginning of the war, Moscow formulated a program to eradicate fascism. An integral part of it was the demand for severe punishment of the instigators of war and organizers of crimes against humanity. In the statement of the USSR People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of June 22, 1941, the idea of criminal responsibility of the German rulers for unleashing an aggressive war was put forward. Declaration of responsibility of the Nazis for the atrocities committed by them was made in 1941 also by the governments of England and the USA. On January 13, 1942, the nine governments of the countries subjected to Nazi aggression signed a declaration in London on the punishment of war criminals.
The Moscow declaration of the heads of the three powers "On the responsibility of the Nazis for the atrocities committed" of October 30, 1943 noted that war criminals should be found and brought to justice. The very idea of creating an international tribunal originated from the Soviet government, which in a statement dated October 14, 1942 emphasized: “… considers it necessary to immediately bring to justice a special international tribunal and punish, to the fullest extent of the criminal law, any of the leaders of Nazi Germany who were already in the process of war in the hands of the authorities of the states fighting against Nazi Germany."
Despite the position of American and British leaders, who were not interested in making the whole truth about the war known to the world community (and the leaders of the Third Reich could speak), and initially inclined to the inexpediency of holding an international trial, Moscow defended precisely the proposal to prosecute Nazi war criminals. Until the beginning of 1945, the USSR was the only power in favor of a public trial against the leaders of Nazi Germany. It was only after the Crimean Conference of the Three Great Powers that American President F. Roosevelt approved the proposal to organize the trial, and the position of British Prime Minister W. Churchill on this issue changed only at the very end of the war, as stated by British Foreign Minister A. Eden on May 3 1945 g.
Thus, only thanks to the consistent and persistent policy of Moscow, at the time of the surrender of Nazi Germany, the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition came to an agreed opinion on the need for an international tribunal over the leaders of the Third Reich. The factor of the world community, whose sympathies were on the side of the USSR, also played a role. As a result, the United States and Britain failed to push through the option of extrajudicial reprisals against the leaders of the Reich.
On August 8, 1945, an Agreement was signed in London between the governments of the USSR, the USA, Great Britain and France on the prosecution and punishment of the main war criminals of the European aggressor countries. In accordance with the Agreement, the International Military Tribunal was established, its Charter was developed. The Charter determined: the procedure for organizing the tribunal; jurisdiction and general principles; a committee to investigate and prosecute major war criminals; procedural guarantees of the defendants; the rights of the Tribunal and the hearing; sentence and expenses. Article 6 of the Charter provided definitions of offenses subject to the jurisdiction of the Tribunal and entailing individual responsibility:
1) crimes against peace: planning, preparing, unleashing or waging an aggressive war or war in violation of international treaties, agreements or assurances, or participation in a general plan or conspiracy aimed at the implementation of any of the above actions;
2) war crimes: violation of the laws or customs of war. These violations include the killing, torture or taking into slavery or for other purposes of the civilian population of the occupied territory; killing or torturing prisoners of war or persons at sea; the killing of hostages; robbery of public or private property; senseless destruction of cities and villages, ruin unjustified by military necessity; other crimes;
3) crimes against humanity: killings, extermination, enslavement, exile and other atrocities committed against the civilian population before or during a war, or persecution for political, racial or religious reasons for the purpose of committing or in connection with another crime under the jurisdiction of the Tribunal, regardless of whether these acts were a violation of the internal law of the country where they were committed or not.
It should be noted that the idea of a new Tribunal over international war criminals is very relevant in the modern world. It must be remembered that "Unleashing an aggressive war is not only an international crime, but also a grave international crime." At first, the masters of the West, with the help of the informational Cold War (World War III), were able to destroy the USSR, which led to enormous destruction, a number of military conflicts and millions of demographic losses of Russian civilization. Only with the help of the methods of socio-economic genocide, the Gauleiters of the West in Russia were able to exterminate millions of Russians. The Yalta-Potsdam system was destroyed, which led to the destabilization of the world community and the possibility of major local and regional wars across the planet.
Having plundered Soviet civilization, the West could only postpone its crisis. Therefore, the masters of the West unleashed a new world war (World War IV). Now they use radical Islam as a “collective Hitler”, with the aim of “resetting the matrix”, “nullifying” the former industrial and post-industrial civilization, destroying the largest national states and civilizations of Eurasia and Africa, in order to build their neo-slave-owning civilization on their ruins. Once again, the current global crisis is based on the crisis of Western civilization and capitalism, that is, the parasitism of a few “chosen” clans and countries over all of humanity
The masters of the West unleashed a series of aggressive wars that led to the destruction of Yugoslavia, Serbia, Iraq, Libya, Syria and Ukraine (Little Russia). The war is going on in Afghanistan and Yemen. Some countries are on the brink of destruction. A wave of chaos and inferno begins to approach Europe, many countries in Africa, the Near and Middle East, and Central Asia are on the verge of explosion. As a result, the masters of the West have committed crimes against peace, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Millions of people have become their victims in the last 25 years, after the collapse of the USSR. In Iraq and Syria alone, hundreds of thousands of people died, millions were wounded, mutilated, sold into slavery, lost property, jobs, and were forced to become refugees.
Thus, we must remember that in the end, a new Tribunal is needed, at which it will be necessary to condemn and punish many of the current most prominent Western politicians, oligarchs, bankers, world-class financial speculators, representatives of royal families, heads of information resources and other people responsible for the destruction of the USSR., Yugoslavia, Iraq, Syria, Libya and several other countries, in the death and suffering of millions of people. Moreover, they unleashed a new world war, in which millions of lives will be burned.
It is also necessary to severely and revealingly punish the local lackeys, Gauleiters. For example, the entire current Nazi and oligarchic leadership of Ukraine, which unleashed a civil war and turned part of Russian civilization into a "bantustan" and a reservation that doom tens of millions of Russians to slavery and extinction.
In addition, it must be remembered that it was Washington and London that at one time nurtured and nurtured Hitler, and they are the main instigators and perpetrators of World War II.
