Every year on November 7, Russia celebrates a memorable date - the Day of the October Revolution of 1917. Until 1991, November 7 was the main holiday of the USSR and was called the Day of the Great October Socialist Revolution.
Throughout the existence of the Soviet Union (celebrated since 1918), November 7 was the "red day of the calendar", that is, a public holiday. On this day, workers' demonstrations and military parades were held on Red Square in Moscow, as well as in the regional and regional centers of the USSR. The last military parade on Moscow's Red Square to commemorate the anniversary of the October Revolution took place in 1990. Celebration of November 7 as one of the most important public holidays remained in Russia until 2004, while since 1992 only one day was considered a holiday - November 7 (in the USSR, November 7-8 was considered a holiday).
In 1995, the Day of Military Glory was established - the Day of the military parade on Red Square in Moscow to commemorate the twenty-fourth anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution (1941). In 1996, by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation "in order to soften confrontation and reconciliation of various layers of Russian society" it was renamed the Day of Accord and Reconciliation. Since 2005, in connection with the establishment of a new public holiday - National Unity Day - November 7 has ceased to be a day off.
November 7 ceased to be a holiday, but was included in the list of memorable dates. Indeed, this day cannot be deleted from the history of Russia, since the uprising in Petrograd on October 25-26 (November 7-8 according to the new style) led not only to the overthrow of the bourgeois Provisional Government, but also predetermined the entire further development of both Russia and all mankind …
It must be remembered that by the fall of 1917, the liberal-bourgeois Provisional Government - the "Februaryists" who destroyed the Russian Empire (although for some reason they like to call the Bolsheviks the culprits of this event), brought Russian civilization and statehood to the brink of disaster … The Russian state was abandoned not only by the national outskirts, but also by the regions within Russia itself - like the Cossack autonomies. A scanty number of nationalists claimed power in Kiev and Little Russia. An autonomous government appeared in Siberia. The armed forces collapsed long before the Bolshevik coup and could not continue fighting. The army and navy have themselves turned from pillars of order into sources of turmoil and anarchy. Thousands of soldiers deserted, taking away weapons (including machine guns and guns!). The front was falling apart, and there was no one to stop the German army. Russia could not fulfill its duty to its allies in the Entente. Finances and economics were disorganized, a single economic space was falling apart. Problems with the supply of cities began, harbingers of famine. The government even during the time of the Russian Empire began to carry out surplus appropriation (again, the Bolsheviks were then accused of them).
The peasants saw that there was no power! For the peasants, the power was the anointed of God - the king and his support - the army. They began to seize the land and "took revenge", the landowners' estates burned in hundreds. Outside open enemies and former "partners" began the division and seizure of Russian territories. At the same time, England, France and the United States claimed the most tasty morsels. In particular, the Americans, with the help of Czechoslovak bayonets, planned to stake out almost all of Siberia and the Far East. The Provisional Government, instead of proposing a goal, a program and active and decisive actions to save the state, postponed the solution of fundamental issues until the convocation of the Constituent Assembly.
It was a disaster! Russia ceased to exist before our very eyes, turning into an ethnographic territory, which they were going to "master" and completely solve the "Russian question"
The country was covered with a wave of chaos, both controlled and spontaneous. The autocracy, which was the core of the empire, was crushed by an internal “fifth column”. The "Februaryists" - the grand dukes, the degenerated aristocracy, generals, freemasons, Duma leaders, liberals, bankers and industrialists. In return, the inhabitants of the empire received "freedom." People felt free from all taxes, duties and laws. The provisional government, whose policy was determined by figures of the liberal and leftist persuasion, could not establish an effective order, moreover, by its actions, it deepened the chaos. It turned out that the Western-oriented leaders (most of them Masons, subordinate to the "older brothers" from the West) continued to destroy Russia. In words, everything was beautiful and smooth, in deeds - they were destroyers or "impotent" who could only speak beautifully. Suffice it to recall the “democratization” of the army during the war (Order No. 1).
Liberal-democratic Petrograd has de facto lost control of the country. The further power of the liberals led to the collapse of Russia into specific principalities, with a mass of "independent" presidents, hetmans, atamans, khans and princelings with their own parliaments-talking houses, micro-armies and administrative apparatus. All these "states" inevitably fell under the rule of external forces - England, France, the United States, Japan, Turkey, etc. At the same time, many neighbors buried themselves in the Russian lands. In particular, Finnish radicals dreamed of a "Great Finland" with the inclusion of Russian Karelia, the Kola Peninsula, and, with luck, lands up to the Northern Urals. Russian civilization and the people were threatened with complete destruction and disappearance from history.
However, there was a force that was able to take power and offer the people a viable project. They were the Bolsheviks. Until the summer of 1917, they were not considered a serious political force, inferior in popularity and number to the Cadets and Socialist-Revolutionaries. But by the fall of 1917, their popularity had grown. Their program was clear and understandable to the masses. Power during this period could be taken by virtually any force that would show political will. The Bolsheviks became this force.
In August 1917, the Bolsheviks set a course for an armed uprising and a socialist revolution. This happened at the VI Congress of the RSDLP (b). However, then the Bolshevik party was actually underground. The most revolutionary regiments of the Petrograd garrison were disbanded, and the workers who sympathized with the Bolsheviks were disarmed. The ability to recreate armed structures appeared only during the Kornilov revolt. The idea of an uprising in the capital had to be postponed. Only on October 10 (23), 1917, the Central Committee adopted a resolution on the preparation of an uprising. On October 16 (29), an enlarged meeting of the Central Committee, which was attended by representatives of the districts, confirmed the earlier decision.
On October 12 (25), 1917, the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee was established on the initiative of Leon Trotsky, chairman of the Petrograd Soviet, to defend the revolution from "an openly preparing attack by military and civilian Kornilovites". The VRK included not only the Bolsheviks, but also some Left Socialist-Revolutionaries and anarchists. In fact, this body coordinated the preparation of an armed uprising. It was formally headed by the Left Socialist-Revolutionary Pavel Lazimir, but almost all decisions were made by the Bolsheviks Leon Trotsky, Nikolai Podvoisky and Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko.
With the help of the Military Revolutionary Committee, the Bolsheviks established close ties with the soldiers' committees of the formations of the Petrograd garrison. In fact, the left forces restored dual power in the city and began to establish their control over the military forces. When the Provisional Government decided to send revolutionary regiments to the front, the Petrosovet appointed a check on the order and decided that the order was dictated not by strategic but by political motives. The regiments were ordered to remain in Petrograd. The commander of the military district forbade the issuance of weapons to workers from the arsenals of the city and the suburbs, but the Council issued warrants and the weapons were issued. The Petrograd Soviet also thwarted the attempt of the Provisional Government to arm its supporters with the help of the arsenal of the Peter and Paul Fortress. Parts of the Petrograd garrison declared their disobedience to the Provisional Government. On October 21, a meeting of representatives of the garrison regiments was held, which recognized the Petrograd Soviet as the only legal authority in the city. From that moment on, the Military Revolutionary Committee began to appoint its commissars to military units, replacing the commissars of the Provisional Government.
On the night of October 22, the Military Revolutionary Committee demanded that the headquarters of the Petrograd Military District recognize the powers of its commissars, and on the 22nd announced the subordination of the garrison to itself. On October 23, the Military Revolutionary Committee won the right to create an advisory body at the headquarters of the Petrograd district. On the same day, Trotsky personally campaigned in the Peter and Paul Fortress, where they still doubted which side to take. By October 24, the VRK had appointed its commissars to the troops, as well as to arsenals, weapons depots, railway stations and factories. In fact, by the beginning of the uprising, left-wing forces had established military control over the capital. The provisional government was incapacitated and could not decisively answer.
Therefore, there were no serious clashes and a lot of blood, the Bolsheviks simply took power. The guards of the Provisional Government and units loyal to them surrendered almost everywhere and went home. Nobody wanted to shed their blood for the "temporary workers". From October 24, detachments of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee occupied all the key points of the city. The armed people simply occupied the key facilities of the capital, and all this was done without firing a single shot, calmly and methodically. When the head of the Provisional Government, Kerensky, ordered the arrest of the members of the All-Russian Revolutionary Committee, there was no one to carry out the arrest order. The Provisional Government surrendered the country practically without a fight, although even before the revolution it had every opportunity to deal with active members of the Bolshevik Party. The fact that they did not even do anything to protect their last citadel - the Winter Palace: there were no combat-ready units here, no ammunition or food was prepared for the complete mediocrity and incapacity of the temporary workers.
By the morning of October 25 (November 7), only the Winter Palace remained with the Provisional Government in Petrograd. By the end of the day, he was "protected" by about 200 women from the women's shock battalion, 2-3 companies of beardless cadets and several dozen invalids - the Cavaliers of St. George. The guards began to disperse even before the assault. The Cossacks were the first to leave, then they left on the orders of their chief, the cadet of the Mikhailovsky Artillery School. Thus, the defense of the Winter Palace lost its artillery. Some of the cadets of the Oranienbaum school also left. Therefore, the footage of the famous storming of the Winter Palace is a beautiful myth. Most of the palace guards went home. The whole assault consisted of a sluggish firefight. Its scale can be understood from the losses: six soldiers and one drummer were killed. At 2 am on October 26 (November 8), members of the Provisional Government were arrested. Kerensky himself escaped in advance, leaving accompanied by the car of the American ambassador under the American flag (he was saved by overseas patrons).
It must be said that the Bolsheviks practically defeated the "shadow". Later, a myth was created about a brilliant operation and a "heroic struggle" against the bourgeoisie. The main reason for the victory was the complete mediocrity and passivity of the Provisional Government. Almost all liberal leaders could only speak beautifully. The determined Kornilov, who was trying to establish at least some order, had already been eliminated. If in the place of Kerensky there was a decisive dictator of the Suvorov or Napoleonic type, with several shock units from the front, he would easily disperse the decayed units of the Petrograd garrison and the red partisan formations.
On the evening of October 25, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets opened in Smolny, which proclaimed the transfer of all power to the Soviets. On October 26, the Council adopted the Peace Decree. All the belligerent countries were invited to start negotiations on the conclusion of a universal democratic peace. The land decree transferred the landowners' lands to the peasants. All mineral resources, forests and waters were nationalized. At the same time, a government was formed - the Council of People's Commissars, headed by Vladimir Lenin.
Simultaneously with the uprising in Petrograd, the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Moscow Soviet took control of key points of the city. Things didn't go so smoothly here. The Public Security Committee under the leadership of the chairman of the city duma Vadim Rudnev, with the support of cadets and Cossacks, began hostilities against the Soviet. Fighting continued until November 3, when the Public Security Committee surrendered.
On the whole, Soviet power was established in the country easily and without much bloodshed. The revolution was immediately supported in the Central Industrial Region, where the local Soviets of Workers' Deputies were already in fact in control of the situation. In the Baltics and Belarus, Soviet power was established in October - November 1917, and in the Central Black Earth Region, the Volga region and Siberia - until the end of January 1918. These events were called "the triumphal march of Soviet power." The process of the predominantly peaceful establishment of Soviet power throughout the territory of Russia became yet another proof of the complete degradation of the Provisional Government and the need to save the country with an active and programmed force.
Subsequent events confirmed the correctness of the Bolsheviks. Russia was on the brink of death. The old project was destroyed, and only a new project could save Russia. It was given by the Bolsheviks. They did not destroy the "old Russia". The Russian Empire was killed by the "Februaryists": the grand dukes, part of the generals, high dignitaries, aristocrats, bankers, industrialists, representatives of liberal democratic parties, many of whom were members of Masonic lodges, most of the intelligentsia, who hated the "prison of nations." In general, most of the "elite" of Russia with their own hands and destroyed the empire. It was these people who killed “old Russia”
The Bolsheviks did not begin to save "old Russia", she was doomed and struggled in agony. They proposed to the people to create a new reality, a civilization - Soviet, more just, where there will be no classes parasitizing on the people. The Bolsheviks had all three necessary elements for the formation of a new reality, a project: an image of the future, a bright world; political will and energy, faith in one's victory (super passionarity); and organization.
Most of the common people liked the image of the future, since communism was originally inherent in Russian civilization and the people. It is not for nothing that, long before the revolution, many Russian, Christian-minded thinkers were simultaneously supporters of socialism. Only socialism could be an alternative to parasitic capitalism (and at present - to the neo-slaveholding, neo-feudal system). Communism stood on the priority of creation, labor and was against the exploitation of the people, parasitism. All this corresponded to the Russian "matrix". The Bolsheviks had political will, energy and faith. They had an organization.
Modern liberals are trying to convince the people that October became "the curse of Russia." They say that Russia again moved away from Europe, and the history of the USSR is a complete disaster. In reality, the Bolsheviks turned out to be the only force that, after the death of "old Russia" - the project of the Romanovs, tried to save the state and the people, to create a new reality. A project that will preserve the best that was in the past (Pushkin, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, Suvorov, Nakhimov, Kutuzov), and at the same time will be a breakthrough into the future, into another just, sunny civilization, without slavery and oppression, parasitism and obscurantism. If it were not for the Bolsheviks, Russian civilization would most likely simply have perished.
It is clear that not everything was smooth with the Bolsheviks. They had to act harshly, even harshly. A significant part of the revolutionaries were internationalists (supporters of Trotsky and Sverdlov). Many of them were agents of Western influence. They were supposed to launch a "second wave" to destroy the Russian superethnos (Russian civilization). The "first wave" was the "Februaryist Masons". They viewed Russia as a victim, a feeding trough, a base for a world revolution that would lead to the establishment of a New World Order, the masters of which would be the “world behind the scenes” (“world international”). The "world behind the scenes" unleashed a world war and organized a revolution in Russia. The masters of the United States and England planned to establish a global world order based on Marxism - a kind of global totalitarian concentration camp. Their instruments were internationalist revolutionaries, Trotskyists.
First, they "cleared the field" - they destroyed the old monarchist empires. The Russian, German, Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires fell as planned. Then they planned to carry out a series of "socialist" revolutions. They planned to make Russia the base of the world revolution, use all its resources, the energy of the people, and sacrifice it. Purpose - New world order based on false communism (Marxism).
Therefore, part of the Bolshevik Party acted as an enemy of the Russian people. However, in Russia, a deeply popular, Russian component gained the upper hand - the Bolshevik-Stalinists. It was they who showed such basic values for the Russian "matrix" as justice, the primacy of truth over law, the spiritual principle over the material, the general over the particular. Their victory led to the construction of a separate "Russian socialism", the physical liquidation of most of the "fifth column" (Trotskyist internationalists) and unprecedented successes of Soviet civilization.
Stalin and his associates dealt a terrible blow to the plans to build a New World Order (slavery based on Marxism). The masters of the West had to rely on National Socialism and Fascism, to create the "Third Reich - Hitler" project, setting it against the Red Empire, which was building a new, solar civilization, a society of creation and service. However, that's another story …
