Pulse electromagnetic weapon, or so-called. "Jammers" is a real type of weapons of the Russian army, already undergoing testing. The United States and Israel are also conducting successful developments in this area, but have relied on the use of EMP systems to generate the kinetic energy of the warhead
In our country, we took the path of a direct destructive factor and created prototypes of several combat systems at once - for the ground forces, the Air Force and the Navy. According to the specialists working on the project, the development of the technology has already passed the stage of field tests, but now work is underway on errors and an attempt to increase the power, accuracy and range of radiation. Today, our "Alabuga", having exploded at an altitude of 200-300 meters, is capable of turning off all electronic equipment within a radius of 3.5 km and leaving a battalion / regiment-scale military unit without means of communication, control, fire guidance, while turning all the available enemy equipment into a pile of useless scrap metal. Except for surrendering and giving the advancing units of the Russian army heavy weapons as trophies, in fact, there are no options.
Electronics "jammer"
For the first time, the world saw a real-life prototype of an electromagnetic weapon at the LIMA-2001 arms exhibition in Malaysia. There was presented an export version of the domestic complex "Ranets-E". It is made on the MAZ-543 chassis, has a mass of about 5 tons, ensures guaranteed destruction of the electronics of a ground target, aircraft or guided munition at ranges of up to 14 kilometers and disruptions in its operation at a distance of up to 40 km. Despite the fact that the first-born made a splash in the world media, experts noted a number of its shortcomings. Firstly, the size of an effectively hit target does not exceed 30 meters in diameter, and secondly, the weapon is disposable - reloading takes more than 20 minutes, during which the miracle cannon will be shot from the air 15 times, and it can only work on targets in the open terrain, without the slightest visual barriers. Probably, it is for these reasons that the Americans abandoned the creation of such directed EMP weapons, concentrating on laser technologies. Our gunsmiths decided to try their luck and try to "bring to mind" the technology of directed EMP radiation.
A specialist of the Rostec concern, who for obvious reasons did not want to disclose his name, in an interview with Expert Online expressed the opinion that an electromagnetic pulse weapon is already a reality, but the whole problem lies in the methods of its delivery to the target. “We are working on a project to develop a complex of electronic warfare with the“OV”security stamp called“Alabuga”. This is a rocket, the warhead of which is a high-frequency generator of a high-power electromagnetic field.
According to active pulsed radiation, a semblance of a nuclear explosion is obtained, only without a radioactive component. Field tests have shown the high efficiency of the unit - not only electronic, but also conventional electronic equipment of wired architecture, breaks down within a radius of 3.5 km. Those.not only removes the main communication headsets from normal operation, blinding and stunning the enemy, but actually leaves the whole unit without any local electronic control systems, including weapons. The advantages of such a "non-lethal" defeat are obvious - the enemy will only have to surrender, and the equipment can be obtained as a trophy. The only problem is in effective means of delivering this charge - it has a relatively large mass and the missile must be large enough, and, as a result, very vulnerable to defeat air defense / missile defense systems,”the expert explained.
Interesting developments NIIRP (now a subdivision of the air defense concern "Almaz-Antey") and the Physico-Technical Institute named after. Ioffe. Investigating the impact of powerful microwave radiation from the ground on airborne objects (targets), the specialists of these institutions unexpectedly received local plasma formations, which were obtained at the intersection of radiation fluxes from several sources. Upon contact with these formations, air targets underwent huge dynamic overloads and were destroyed. The coordinated operation of microwave radiation sources made it possible to quickly change the focusing point, that is, to retarget at high speed or accompany objects of almost any aerodynamic characteristics. Experiments have shown that the impact is effective even on the warheads of ICBMs. In fact, these are no longer even microwave weapons, but combat plasmoids. Unfortunately, when in 1993 a team of authors presented a draft of an air defense / missile defense system based on these principles for the consideration of the state, Boris Yeltsin immediately proposed a joint development to the American president. And although cooperation on the project did not take place, perhaps this was what prompted the Americans to create in Alaska the HAARP complex (High freguencu Active Auroral Research Program) - a research project to study the ionosphere and aurora borealis. Note that for some reason that peace project has funding from the Pentagon's DARPA agency.
Already entering service with the Russian army
To understand what place the topic of electronic warfare occupies in the military-technical strategy of the Russian military department, it is enough to look at the State Armaments Program until 2020. Of the 21 trillion rubles of the general budget of GPV, 3.2 trillion (about 15%) is planned to be spent on the development and production of attack and defense systems using sources of electromagnetic radiation. For comparison, in the Pentagon's budget, according to experts, this share is much less - up to 10%. Now let's look at what you can "feel" already now, ie those products that have reached the series and entered service over the past few years.
The Krasukha-4 mobile electronic warfare systems suppress spy satellites, ground-based radars and AWACS aircraft systems, completely cover 150-300 km from radar detection, and can also inflict radar damage to enemy electronic warfare and communications. The operation of the complex is based on the creation of powerful interference at the main frequencies of radars and other radio-emitting sources. Manufacturer: JSC "Bryansk Electromechanical Plant" (BEMZ).
The TK-25E sea-based electronic warfare device provides effective protection for ships of various classes. The complex is designed to provide electronic protection of the facility from radio-controlled air and ship-based weapons by creating active interference. The complex can be interfaced with various systems of the protected object, such as a navigation complex, a radar station, and an automated combat control system. The TK-25E equipment provides the creation of various types of interference with a spectrum width from 64 to 2000 MHz, as well as impulse disinforming and imitation interference using signal copies. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets. Equipping the protected object with the TK-25E complex three or more times reduces the likelihood of its destruction.
The multifunctional complex "Rtut-BM" has been developed and produced at the enterprises of KRET since 2011 and is one of the most modern electronic warfare systems. The main purpose of the station is to protect manpower and equipment from single and multiple rocket launchers of artillery ammunition equipped with radio fuses. Developer: JSC All-Russian Research Institute "Gradient" (VNII "Gradient"). Similar devices are produced by Minsk "KB RADAR". Note that radio fuses are now equipped with up to 80% of western field artillery shells, mines and unguided rockets, and almost all high-precision ammunition, these fairly simple means can protect troops from destruction, including directly in the zone of contact with the enemy.
Concern "Sozvezdie" produces a series of small-sized (wearable, transportable, autonomous) jamming transmitters of the RP-377 series. With their help, you can jam the GPS signals, and in an autonomous version, equipped with power sources, also placing the transmitters in a certain area, limited only by the number of transmitters. An export version of a more powerful GPS suppression system and weapons control channels is now being prepared. It is already a system of object and area protection against high-precision weapons. It is built on a modular basis, which allows you to vary the area and objects of protection. Among unclassified developments, MNIRTI products are also known - "Sniper-M" "I-140/64" and "Gigawatt", made on the basis of car trailers. They, in particular, are used to develop means of protecting radio and digital systems for military, special and civil purposes against EMP damage.
Educational program
The electronic base of the RES is very sensitive to energy overloads, and the flow of electromagnetic energy of a sufficiently high density is capable of burning out semiconductor junctions, completely or partially disrupting their normal functioning. Low-frequency EMO creates an electromagnetic pulse
radiation at frequencies below 1 MHz, high-frequency EMO affects microwave radiation - both pulsed and continuous. Low-frequency EMO affects the object through interference to wired infrastructure, including telephone lines, external power cables, information supply and retrieval cables. High-frequency EMO directly penetrates the radio-electronic equipment of the object through its antenna system. In addition to affecting the enemy's RES, high-frequency EMO can also affect the skin and internal organs of a person. At the same time, as a result of their heating in the body, chromosomal and genetic changes, activation and deactivation of viruses, transformation of immunological and behavioral reactions are possible.
The main technical means of obtaining powerful electromagnetic pulses, which form the basis of low-frequency EMO, is a generator with an explosive compression of the magnetic field. Another potential type of high level low frequency magnetic energy source may be a magnetodynamic generator powered by propellant or explosive. When implementing high-frequency EMO, electronic devices such as broadband magnetrons and klystrons operating in the millimeter range, gyrotrons, generators with a virtual cathode (vircators) using the centimeter range, free-electron lasers and broadband plasma-beam generators.
