The new protected Federal-M vehicle created by the specialists of the Moscow enterprise "Institute of Special Technics" on the chassis of the serially produced highly reliable vehicle Ural-4320 and its modification Ural-55571 has passed the tests of the protective properties of the vehicle. These tests fully confirmed the declared safety characteristics of the machine.
The protected vehicle "Federal-M" is intended for use as a vehicle for transporting personnel with the necessary level of protection against fire of the main types of small arms and detonation of explosive devices in off-road conditions and on all types of roads.
Currently, the security forces of Russia and a number of foreign countries are already widely using protected vehicles developed and created by the team of the Institute of Special Equipment, such as Esaul, Ataman, Gorets, Tornado and Federal. Many protection technologies developed at the institute are used to create modern wheeled armored personnel carriers and armored vehicles of the Tiger, Wolf, Bear and Typhoon families.
The new protected vehicle "Federal-M" is based on the chassis of the serially produced highly reliable vehicle Ural-4320 and its modification Ural-55571. The armored body of the vehicle is made in a single-volume layout. The protection of the crew and the survivability of the vehicle are ensured by the armor of the vehicle, made using the technology of a volumetric-differentiated armored capsule (ODB-capsule). The number of doors in an armored body, depending on the customer's requirements, can be from three to six. The aft door is made with a double swing door, which ensures quick embarkation and disembarkation of personnel transported in the car. For the convenience of embarking and disembarking through the aft door, a platform and a retractable ladder are equipped on the frame of the machine, and ladders are made under all other doors. The absence of a central beam in the structure of the hinged aft door provides convenience and speed of loading and unloading of transported goods.
Reservation of ODB-capsules provides a basic level of ballistic protection according to the 5th class of protection in accordance with GOST R 50963-96. The armored glass of the car body, including the windshield, provides 6A class protection. At the request of the customer, the level of ballistic protection can be increased to class 6 or 6A in accordance with GOST. An increase in the level of ballistic protection, depending on the wishes of the customer, can be carried out by installing additional protective armor modules outside the hull or by installing such modules inside the hull, which does not indicate an increased level of vehicle protection from the outside. Also, at the request of the customer, "Federal-M" can be made with hidden armoring of the engine compartment due to the fact that the specifics of the tasks of a number of power structures require, if possible, the absence of threatening or frightening elements of the vehicle's exterior in the outward appearance of the equipment used.
The salon is equipped with anti-ricochet and anti-splinter protection based on aramid fabrics, developed by the specialists of the Institute of Special Technics. The frontal armored glass of the cockpit and the armored glass of the doors are equipped with closing loopholes for firing from the standard weapons of the transported personnel. Also, closing loopholes are equipped in the aft door and in the sides of the armored hull. In total, the vehicle is equipped with 17 loopholes, which provides 360 ° firing from the standard weapons of the transported personnel and makes it possible to repel an enemy attack from ambushes from any direction. To prevent a high concentration of powder gases in the cabin during firing, the machine is equipped with a gas exhaust system, fans are installed in the roof of the case, operating in exhaust or injection modes, and emergency ventilation and technological hatches can also be used. In addition, at the request of the customer, various weapons can be installed on these hatches. In addition, at the request of the customer, one or another version of a remotely controlled combat module with a large-caliber or single machine gun, or an automatic grenade launcher of 30-40 mm caliber can be installed on the roof of the vehicle.
To increase mine protection, the bottom of the ODB-capsule is made in an anti-mine design - it has a V-shape and anti-mine "sandwiches". Together with the large height of the floor from the ground - more than 1, 3 meters and the presence of special anti-mine chairs, developed by specialists of the "Institute of Special Equipment", which have passed comprehensive tests and received a patent. The cockpit floor has an additional raised floor for the legs, which does not touch the bottom of the cockpit and prevents injuries to the crew's legs when detonated by mines and explosive devices. The entire complex of mine protection measures used in the design of the Federal-M vehicle gives high chances for the possibility of continuing the combat mission for the crew and personnel inside the vehicle when the vehicle is detonated on mines or explosive devices with a capacity of 3 to 10 kg in TNT equivalent (depending on the version of the ODB-capsule).
These characteristics were fully confirmed by tests of the Federal-M machine for ballistic and mine resistance. During the tests, more than 100 rounds of cartridges with a TUS bullet from a 7.62-mm AKM assault rifle were fired at the vehicle body from ranges from 100 to 10 m. As a result of shots at various elements of the vehicle body, such as welds, door joints, bulletproof glass, roof, door lock niches and others, not a single penetration qualified according to the requirements of GOST was received - the formation of a crack through which kerosene can seep.
Protected vehicle "Federal-M" after tests for ballistic and mine resistance
Explosion tests also confirmed the machine's declared explosion-proof characteristics. Undermining the car was carried out in two stages: first, undermining 3 kg of TNT, and then undermining 7 kg of TNT. The explosive charge was placed under the geometric center of the car interior in accordance with GOST. The test results even exceeded the expectations of the designers. After the explosions, the readings of the equipment showed the absence of exorbitant accelerations, depressurization of the case (i.e., the absence of an inflowing blast wave) and exceeding the sound pressure standards. In other words, the crew and personnel in the "Federal-M" car when detonated with explosive devices of the same power will not receive injuries that are dangerous for life and the performance of a combat mission. The absence of exceeding the sound pressure standards allows the personnel to be inside the car without special headphones, which must be used by military personnel inside foreign-made MRAP machines.
Depending on the version of the hull and additional equipment, together with the crew, the Federal-M vehicle can transport from 12 to 17 fully equipped soldiers.
The fuel tanks of the machine are equipped with special protection against splashing and fuel ignition in case of blasting, which is another "know-how" of the enterprise.
The Federal-M can be equipped with various additional equipment. For example, a vehicle can be equipped with a radio control device for explosive devices, a remotely controlled combat module, a system for firing special means of the "Lafet" type; a complex for setting smoke (aerosol) curtains, air conditioning systems in the cabin or additional heaters.
Depending on the purpose of the machine, a ram bumper, a bulldozer blade can be additionally installed on it; protective grilles (bulletproof blinds) on windows, a system for attaching external protective screens and special anti-traumatic mats. If necessary, "Federal-M" can be equipped with a signal loud-speaking installation (SGU), a video surveillance and registration system, additional headlights and searchlights.
The use of the chassis of the Ural-4320 cross-country vehicle as the base of the Federal-M vehicle provides the vehicle with high operational reliability, high maintainability, unsurpassed cross-country ability and ease of training crews in operating rules. In operation, the car does not differ from the usual "Ural", and in terms of components and assemblies it is unified with the legendary multipurpose army vehicle. The engine compartment armoring design provides quick access to the main engine systems for servicing. Depending on the wishes of the customer, the car can be equipped with a standard diesel engine with an environmental standard Euro 0, and with an environmental standard Euro 2, 4 or 5. The protected Federal-M vehicle can be operated without restrictions at temperatures from -45 ° С up to + 50 ° С.
The design of the armored special vehicle "Federal-M", which is based on the many years of experience of the specialists of the "Institute of Special Equipment" in the development of technologies for multifunctional protection and safety of life, provides a high guarantee of the safety of personnel operating this equipment.
