Due to the fact that in recent years the Russian defense industry has been faced with a clear problem associated with the inability to 100% fulfill the requirements within the framework of the state defense order, it is relevant to raise the question of how things are going this year. There are difficulties, and they are due to the fact that the heads of a number of enterprises, signing under the clauses of the document on the performance of a certain type of work within the SDO, as a result, declare that it is impossible to complete all the work by the deadline indicated in the document - there are many reasons. And these reasons are worthy of special attention.
First, the official information on the progress of the implementation of the state defense order in Russia. Despite the fact that this information was published more than a month ago (there is no new data yet), it can be concluded that there is a trend in terms of the implementation of orders from the state by defense enterprises.
So, the Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Yuri Borisov, during his visit to the Primorsky Arsenyev, where the assembly of Ka-52 Alligator helicopters is being carried out, told reporters that by the end of June the state defense order had been fulfilled by almost 40%. Given the fact that the second half of the year usually brings a higher percentage of implementation, it can be concluded that the targets can be achieved. Can be achieved, and maybe …
Already 4 days after the statement about 40% of the state defense order fulfilled, Deputy Defense Minister Yuri Borisov raised the question that there are enterprises in the country, the volumes of delays from which continue to grow. Among others, for example, the Amur Shipyard, which last year, within the framework of the state defense order, was supposed to hand over two corvettes of Project 20380, but something went wrong … …
RIA Novosti quoted Yuri Borisov's statement:
The plant is currently implementing four contracts. These are project 20380 corvettes. Two corvettes were supposed to be commissioned last year. Therefore, we will deal with the new management of the plant, how they plan to improve the situation. We hope that this year the first corvette will be delivered. We want to make sure how competently and systematically the work on completing the rest is organized. The future of orders depends on this. We have already talked about this and we will not hide it, if the Amur shipyard enters the schedule, then we will place more orders. We have a plan to place additional orders.
That is, the Ministry of Defense speaks in an extremely understandable language: by fulfilling the plans of the state defense order on time and without overstating the "tariffs", the enterprise will continue to receive orders for the creation of military equipment. And this is money, and jobs, and social guarantees, and taxes to the regional and municipal budgets. If disruptions continue, then the answer to the question about the effectiveness of such an enterprise will be unambiguous - with all the ensuing consequences both for the enterprise itself and for its labor collective, which is made hostage, to put it mildly, not always clear actions on the part of the enterprise management.
What is one of the reasons that enterprises are often unable to fulfill their obligations under a contract with the country's defense ministry? One of the reasons most often stated by the heads of enterprises looks something like this: well, what do you want if sanctions are imposed against Russia, and we are deprived of the opportunity to purchase the components we are interested in in a number of segments of the foreign market.
This reason actually looks very serious. Indeed, the situation in terms of productive trade contacts with the European Union or with Ukraine itself has changed for the worse, and it would be strange not to admit it. However, when the management of an enterprise at every step tries to justify the failure to fulfill the state defense order in its segment at every step, I would like to ask: and in 2011, 2012, 2013, were the “sanctions” also to blame?.. So there were no sanctions. And the state defense order was not fulfilled by 100% either. How so…
It is worth recalling that in 2011 the percentage of SDO implementation barely reached 90%. By 2013, the bar had risen to 93% - after personal intervention in the process by President Vladimir Putin. On the one hand, 90-93 percent is a lot. But on the other hand, this suggests that billions of budget funds are suspended without any sanctions if 7-10% of the state defense order is not fulfilled on time.
At the same time, the enterprise management system complained about everyone and everything, stating that the majority of the staff were pensioners, then about excessive wear and tear of machine tools and other equipment, then about the absence of some additional subsidies from the state. At the same time, a rare person from the aforementioned management system named himself as one of the main reasons for the failure of plans to fulfill contracts. A rare “effective manager” directed the proper amount of funds earned by the enterprise for training the same workers and engineering personnel, for updating equipment, and for a system of incentives for personnel.
When from educational institutions of primary and secondary vocational education there were elementary requests to the management of enterprises engaged in the state defense order system for students to have the opportunity to undergo practical training, then a considerable percentage of "effective managers" of a number of enterprises (and these are not empty words, but reality almost the entire post-Soviet period) just waved his hands. There is only one argument: we have enough of our own problems, and here we will also teach "your" work. It is difficult to imagine something like that even 30-35 years ago.
And in general, an interesting movie … How can you, after such an answer, call the lack of frames as an argument for disruption in terms of time? Where does the enterprise get these personnel from in this case? And state structures simply shrug their shoulders, declaring: well, we can't just take and oblige a private trader to provide an opportunity for students to undergo practical training … But this is one of the real reasons for the problems with the same state defense order: state order, but at the same time does not take into account the related interests of the state - even for the same training of qualified workers and engineering personnel; and the state itself is also not ready to ask harshly. Is that then debriefing begins … When a part of the funds has already settled, it is not clear where, and it must be found and returned, but can you return it when, according to the law, the issue of confiscation of property is not so simple.
From the reporting documents of one of the enterprises of the Voronezh region engaged in the defense system (ARZ-711) (published in the public access mode): training and preparation of enterprise personnel - 22 thousand rubles, the introduction of new technological processes - 34 thousand rubles. Oh, how the management has become generous … As much as 22 thousand a year for personnel training. Yes, another leader drinks cognac for a large amount per day …
From the report of the same enterprise for 2013: production workers hired - 46, production workers dismissed - 61. In total, 93 hired, 103 dismissed. Tendency.
Today, this enterprise is receiving information that “there are orders - there are no spare parts”. And again the same reasoning: sanctions, loss of suppliers.
In this case, we can conclude that the management of such enterprises, initially knowing about the problems with the availability of suppliers, nevertheless signs a number of contracts for the performance of certain works with the Ministry of Defense. Well, earlier it could be attributed to "Vasilyevshchina" and "Serdyukovshchina", but now to whom?
It is clear that there are problems, that there are many of them. But in general, the main reason for disruptions, I think, is associated with the responsibility of "effective" managers. There is no responsibility - and problems will appear with the result, even if the state is ready to allocate significant sums for the defense industry. They will continue to look for the extreme anywhere, while forgetting to count themselves …
And yet, let's hope that by the end of 2016, for the first time in recent years, the fulfillment of the state defense order will be 100%. Moreover, there are many enterprises in our country, the management of which is definitely aware of their responsibility, and which are ready to make every effort so as not to squander their prestige.
