The air defense of TAVKR pr.11435 "Admiral Kuznetsov" is provided by 8 combat modules of anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems 3M87 "Kortik", 4x6 VPU revolving type 4S95 with eight drum modules KZRK "Kinzhal", as well as 6 anti-aircraft artillery complexes
Recently, in order to consider Russian defensive and offensive potentials on the extreme borders of Eastern Europe and the Baltic States, the concept of the so-called “A2 / AD” (“Anti-Access / Aria Denial”) strategy of restricting and denying access and maneuver has been introduced in the United States. In the understanding of American officers, this is the deployment of advanced military units equipped with the most modern types of equipment that do not allow the enemy (in our case, the US Armed Forces) to choose a maneuver that allows them to break through the defenses at the weakest section of the probable contact line. This strategy provides for the complete absence of such "gaps". The most effective application of the A2 / AD strategy by our army is noted by the Americans in the Gulf of Finland, the Kaliningrad region, and also in the Republic of Crimea. Even the eminent publication "National Interest", referring to the former commander-in-chief of NATO's Joint Armed Forces in Europe, Philip Breedlove, notes the inadequacy of both the rapid reaction forces and the NATO Joint Armed Forces to overcome such lines of denial of access and maneuver. In the concept of the NATO bloc, for these purposes, the United Air Force is mainly used, the capabilities of which are not enough, and further will not be enough to suppress the "A2 / AD" basis, represented in our aerospace forces and ground forces by the S-300/400, S-300V4 complexes and "Pantsir-C1". It should be said that the skillful use of this strategy by the Russian Armed Forces seriously undermines morale in Washington, but it is further undermined when A2 / AD moves from Russian outposts in the Baltic and Black Seas to remote zones of interests and influence of the Russian Federation. Syria and the eastern Mediterranean Sea are exactly on the list of these zones.
Some time after the US Navy command made a decision to send an additional 2nd AUG, led by the CVN-69 USS "Dwight D. Esenhower" nuclear aircraft carrier, to the shores of Syria, the Russian Navy responded by using a heavy aircraft carrier. missile cruiser "Admiral Kuznetsov" in a military operation in the Syrian Arab Republic. This is the first operation of the only Russian flagship aircraft carrier, as close as possible to the conditions of hostilities, 25 years after the solemn raising of the Andreevsky flag on board. The participation of the TAVKR pr. 1143.5 in the Syrian theater of operations became known on July 2 from the capital's military-diplomatic department. The ship will be on combat duty off the coast of Syria for 4 months (from October 2016 to January 2017).
The tasks of the 279th Separate Shipborne Fighter Aviation Regiment (OKIAP) named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union Boris Safonov, based on board the Admiral Kuznetsov, will include bombing the military-technical, training and production infrastructures of the IS in the central and eastern provinces of the SAR. and therefore it was initially reported that the flagship would stop in close proximity to the coastline so that the combat radius of carrier-based aircraft confidently reached the necessary boundaries for the use of weapons. The skills that the crew of an aircraft carrier and the flight personnel of the 279th OKIAP should receive, of course, cannot be called a full-fledged "baptism of fire", since it will not be necessary to fight off "star raids" by anti-ship missiles on an aircraft carrier, just as there will be no need for carrier-based aircraft to conduct an air battle with the enemy. which has no aviation, but the atmosphere and electronic situation will seriously resemble the military conflict between Russia and NATO.
American carrier-based aircraft, as well as tactical aircraft of the Royal Air Force of Great Britain, operating from the Akrotiri airbase on the island of Cyprus, with a 90% probability will "probe" the radio-technical capabilities of the Admiral Kuznetsov's naval radar systems, and, if possible, the characteristics of the on-board radars of 15 carrier-based fighters Su-33 and 4 MiG-29K / KUB, as well as the Ka-31 "Helix-B" AWACS helicopter, which is the only long-range radar detection tool on the aircraft carrier. In order to completely "illuminate" all the ship and aircraft radars located on Kuznetsov, the Americans and the British can use absolutely any air tactics: from approaching at an ultra-low altitude to loitering in the far zone of the radius of destruction of the Kinzhal air defense missile system, until the air is urgently will raise the Su-33.
They will be interested in the level of noise immunity of our radars, which can be determined using the onboard electronic equipment of such electronic warfare and reconnaissance aircraft as the E / F-18G Growler and RC-135V / W Rivet Joint. At least 2 container and 4 built-in AN / ALQ-218 (V2) modules for position detection and identification of radio-emitting targets are installed on the wingtips, sides of the nose of the fuselage, engine nacelles and tail section of the "Growler". Perfect targets from any angle are found. Then the information goes to the on-board computer, where it is processed, it is, if possible, compared with the data received from other units through the Link-16 tactical communication system or ICANS, after which the operator of the RER / RTR systems is determined with the choice of the necessary RED station depending on the type of the suppressed signal. If this is an enemy radar complex, then the LR-700 antennas are selected, but if a radio station or a tactical information exchange terminal (communication), then ALQ-99 low-frequency broadband transmitters located in overhead containers or an electronic warfare station AN / ALQ (V) are used 1 CCS, installed in the niche of the aircraft cannon.
At the same time, the AN / ALR-67 (V) 3 SPO will be able to simultaneously notify the pilot, for example, about how the operating modes of the enemy radar station change at the moment of exposure to radio-electronic interference, which will answer the question: at what range when exposed to interference the capture not possible? In aerial combat, knowledge of such "numbers" in relation to the enemy's radar gives confident success. Rivet Joint also has equipment for analyzing the modes of operation of enemy radars. The RER AM / AMQ-15 complex combines two most important subsystems for the detection, classification and identification of radio signals. The first, AEELS, determines the exact coordinates of air and ground targets by radiation, the second, MUCELS, accurately identifies the operating mode of the radar by the signal, and also works on methods for suppressing encrypted radio communication channels. Through the Link-16 data exchange channel, communication can be maintained between the Rivet Joint, E-3C / G, E-2D and Growlers. Naturally, our Tu-214R and Su-34 with "Khibiny" also monitor all the principles of operation of NATO radars and communications, but in order to avoid revealing their own radio-electronic capabilities, it is advisable for all Kuznetsov's carrier-based aircraft to more often use optical-electronic sighting systems OLS- 27K and OLS-UEM, initially focusing on the target designation of the Ka-31 and the general ship radar MR-750 "Fregat-MA", as well as the radar "Mars-Passat".
"ADMIRAL KUZNETSOV" AS THE BEST LINK OF THE "A2 / AD" STRATEGY: "BONE IN THE THROAT" OF THE AMERICAN FLEET
Open doors of the underdeck 1x12 launcher SM-233A of the P-700 Granit anti-ship missile system on board the Admiral Kuznetsov TAVKR. Each launch module has an inclination of 60 degrees, and the launch itself is carried out when the module is filled with water to reduce the high-temperature effect of the combustion products of a solid fuel booster on the module and internal components of an aircraft-carrying missile cruiser
Let's return to the main link between our military-strategic influence and the attempts of the American counteraction to it in the form of a strategy to restrict access and maneuver "A2 / AD". It is easy to understand the severity of the presence of the Russian aircraft-carrying cruiser for the US Navy, which wants to maintain complete dominance on the sea approaches to the SAR. The US continues to refuse a joint military operation with the Russian Aerospace Forces against ISIS, and, frankly, terrorists are "ironed out" only where it does not cause them serious damage, because they can be useful to them at any time to play a "game" against the pro-Russian Syrian army …
The Admiral Kuznetsov, which entered the Eastern Mediterranean with the 279th OKIAP, will create significant problems for the US AUG in terms of access and maneuvers for US carrier-based aircraft over almost half of the Mediterranean Sea. If you take a close look at our air wing, you immediately understand the distribution of tasks between fighters of different classes. Thus, the MiG-29K and the more advanced MiG-29KUB (generation "4 + / 4 ++") will be used mainly for striking ISIS outbreaks in Syrian territory. For this, a wide variety of missile and bomb weapons will be used (from guided aerial bombs with semi-active laser guidance to Kh-29L / T missiles). Suspended fuel tanks of the MiGs will allow Admiral Kuznetsov to be located not only near the territorial waters of Syria, but also closer to Cyprus, or even to the south of it.
This tactical feature expands the capabilities of the second, purely anti-aircraft, unit of the 279 - the Su-33. These carrier-based interceptor fighters are equipped with the standard N001 airborne radar, which has only an air-to-air mode of operation. But the range of these aircraft reaches 1500 km at high altitude without PTB. A link of 2 or 4 Su-33s will be able to regularly conduct patrols and aerial surveillance of NATO surface ships and aircraft up to the coast of Italy. In addition, the sea "Sushki" carry an improved arsenal of air-to-air missiles R-27EM, optimized to intercept complex and small air targets against the background of the water / earth surface. The Su-33 pilots will be tasked with monitoring the maritime boundaries of our AUG in the Mediterranean.
The self-defense of the Admiral Kuznetsov, built on Kortikas, Daggers and AK-630s, is equivalent to 5-7 Nimitz-class nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, which makes the enemy think twice before attacking this unique NK. The arsenal of 9M330-2 and 9M311K missiles is 448 missiles, and the total firing channel, together with the AK-630, reaches 54 simultaneously fired at the VTS.
For the entire air wing, this mission will be the first "semi-combat" test, in which our sailors and pilots will have to learn how to act quickly, deliberately and comprehensively in conditions when they can be separated from a probable numerically superior enemy from several tens of kilometers to a couple of hundred meters. Of course, they will need to remember about the twelve "fire" "Granites" below deck, which, without exaggeration, can create a real shipwreck in enemy naval formations.
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