“Combining extraordinary willpower with extraordinary power of understanding, Lomonosov embraced all branches of education. The thirst for science was the strongest passion of this soul. A historian, rhetorician, mechanic, chemist, mineralogist, artist and poet, he experienced everything and penetrated everything."
A. S. Pushkin about M. V. Lomonosov
Mikhail Vasilyevich was born on November 19, 1711 in the village of Mishaninskaya, located in the Arkhangelsk province. The boy's mother, deacon's daughter Elena Ivanovna Sivkova, died when Mikhail was nine years old. Father - Vasily Dorofeevich Lomonosov - was a black-haired peasant and was engaged in sea fishing. Thanks to hard work, Vasily Dorofeevich became the wealthiest fisherman in the area and was the first of the inhabitants of the region to build and equip a galliot called "The Seagull". On long sea voyages, reaching the Solovetsky Islands and the Kola Peninsula, his father constantly took his only heir, Mikhail. However, the boy was more attracted by something else. At the age of ten, he began to learn to read and write, and the mysterious world of books attracted him with a magnet. The boy was especially interested in his neighbor Christopher Dudin, who had his own small library. Lomonosov often begged me to lend him books for a period of time, but received a constant refusal. In the summer of 1724, Dudin died, having bequeathed three volumes to an inquisitive guy: Magnitsky's arithmetic, Smotritsky's grammar and Simeon Polotsky's Rhymed Psalter.
With great enthusiasm, Mikhail Lomonosov began to comprehend the wisdom of books, which led to a serious quarrel with his father, who wanted to see his son continue the work he had begun. The conflict was fueled in every possible way by the second stepmother Irina Semyonovna. According to Lomonosov's recollections, she “tried in every possible way to produce anger in my father, imagining that I was sitting idly at books. For this, I was often forced to read in secluded places, enduring hunger and cold. For two years, the young man made acquaintance with schismatics-non-popovtsy, however, Old Believer tomes of religious content could not quench Lomonosov's thirst for knowledge. Finally, in 1730, celebrating his nineteenth birthday, Mikhail decided on a desperate act - without asking his father for permission and borrowing three rubles from his neighbors, he went to Moscow.
Upon arrival in a city unfamiliar to him, the young man found himself in an unenviable position. Fortunately, for the first time he was sheltered by one of his fellow countrymen, who settled in Moscow. Among other things, the villager made acquaintance with the monks of the Zaikonospassky monastery, within the walls of which the Slavic-Latin Academy worked - one of the first higher educational institutions in Russia. They taught Latin, French and German, history, geography, philosophy, physics and even medicine. However, there was one serious obstacle to admission there - peasant children were not taken. Then Lomonosov, without thinking twice, called himself the son of a large Kholmogory nobleman and was enrolled in the lower class of the academy. It was mainly teenagers who studied there. At first, they made fun of a large young man who came to study Latin at the age of twenty. However, the jokes soon died down - the "Kholmogory man" within one (1731) year managed to master three quarters of the course, which usually required from four to six years. Further studies were given to Mikhail Vasilyevich somewhat more difficult, but he still completed each next step in six months, instead of one and a half years required by the overwhelming majority of schoolchildren. From a material point of view, it was extremely difficult for him to study. The annual stipend did not exceed ten rubles (or less than three kopecks per day), which doomed the young man to a half-starved existence. However, he did not want to confess to his father. In the summer of 1735, when Lomonosov passed into the upper class, the head of the Spasskaya School was ordered to send twelve of the best students to the Academy of Sciences. Having learned about this, Mikhail Vasilyevich immediately filed a petition and at the end of December of the same year, along with other elect, left for St. Petersburg.
Students who arrived from Moscow in January 1736 were enrolled in the staff of the Academy of Sciences. They did not receive any salary, but they were entitled to free room and board. The classes that began were taught by Professor Georg Kraft and Associate Vasily Adadurov. "Muscovites" studied experimental physics, mathematics, rhetoric and many other subjects. All lectures were conducted in Latin - this dead language in the eighteenth century remained the language of science. Kraft, by the way, was a wonderful teacher. During the lessons, he liked to demonstrate physical experiments to the audience, having in this regard had a huge influence on the young Lomonosov.
It is curious that the famous case of entering the Slavic-Latin Academy, when Lomonosov hid his true origin, was not the only one of its kind. In 1734, the cartographer Ivan Kirilov, going to the Kazakh steppes, decided to take a priest on a campaign. Having learned about this, Mikhail Vasilyevich expressed a desire to take the dignity, declaring under oath that his father was a priest. However, this time the information received was checked. When the deception was revealed, there was a threat of expelling the lying student and punishing him, up to the point of being tonsured a monk. The matter came to the vice-president of the Synod, Theophan Prokopovich, who, to the surprise of many, stood up for Lomonosov, saying that a peasant son who had shown such outstanding abilities should be able to finish his studies without hindrance. Nevertheless, classes at the university did not last long for Mikhail Vasilyevich. In the spring of 1736, Johann Korf, then president of the Academy of Sciences, obtained permission from the Cabinet of Ministers to send several students abroad to study chemistry, mining and metallurgy. The demands made on the students were so high that only three were selected: “Popovich from Suzdal, Dmitry Vinogradov; the son of the councilor of the Berg Collegium Gustav Raiser and the peasant son Mikhailo Lomonosov. In mid-September, the students, having received detailed instructions on behavior abroad and three hundred rubles each, sailed to Germany.
Envoys from Russia arrived in Marburg in early November 1736. The great Leibniz's student, the greatest scientist of his time, Professor Christian Wolf, was appointed their curator. It was to him that the Russian Academy of Sciences sent money for the training and maintenance of posted students. According to Lomonosov's notes, the daily routine during his studies in Marburg was very stressful - in addition to studying at the university, which lasted from 9 to 17, he took lessons in fencing, dance and French. The German scientist, by the way, highly appreciated the talents of his student: “Mikhailo Lomonosov has excellent abilities, diligently attends my lectures and tries to acquire thorough knowledge. With such diligence, upon returning to his fatherland, he can bring considerable benefit to the state, which I sincerely wish."
In Marburg, Mikhail Vasilyevich met his love. With all the strength of his seething character, he was carried away by Elizabeth Christina Zilch - the daughter of the mistress of the house in which he lived. In February 1739 they got married, but in July the newly-made husband left his wife, who was expecting a child, and went to continue his studies in Freiberg. Training in the largest center of the metallurgical and mining industry in Germany was the second stage of the program developed by the Academy of Sciences. The management of students from Russia was entrusted in this place to the sixty-year-old professor Johann Henkel, who had long ceased to follow the course of scientific thought. In this regard, Lomonosov very soon came into conflict with the mentor. In addition to the scientific inconsistency of Genkel, Mikhail Vasilyevich believed that he pocketed a part of the money received to support Russian students. Finally, in May 1740, Lomonosov left Freiberg without the permission of the Academy and went to Dresden, and then to Holland. After a couple of months of independent travel, he stopped at the house of his wife, who gave birth to his daughter, named Catherine Elizabeth. Having established contact with the Academy of Sciences, the young scientist asked to continue his education and visit other mining enterprises and research centers in Europe, but was ordered to return to his homeland.
In June 1741 Mikhail Vasilievich arrived in St. Petersburg. The promising young scientist, who received high reviews not only from Wolf, but also from his enemy Johann Henkel, rightfully counted on the place of an extraordinary professor, promised to him and his comrades before leaving for Germany. However, much has changed in Russia over the years. Baron Korf resigned from the post of president of the Academy of Sciences, in connection with which the role of Johann Schumacher, who was the first adviser to the chancellery, grew sharply. For eight long months, Schumacher kept Lomonosov in the position of a student. Every day the scientist, suffering from acute lack of money, obediently carried out the routine assignments given to him. He translated the works of foreign scientists, composed odes on solemn occasions, described mineralogical collections. Only in January 1742, after Mikhail Vasilyevich sent a petition to the new Empress Elizaveta Petrovna to grant him the promised rank, was the case set in motion. However, the young scientist did not become a professor; in the month of May he was appointed an adjunct of physics.
It is not surprising that soon Lomonosov became one of the associates of Andrei Nartov, the second adviser to the academic chancellery, who at the beginning of 1742 filed a number of complaints about the numerous abuses of Johann Schumacher. The investigation began in the autumn of the same year, and in October the all-powerful temporary worker was arrested. After the commission of inquiry learned that Schumacher's people were taking out bundles of documents from the office at night, it was sealed. Nartov, who, by the way, proved himself to be no less a despot, instructed Mikhail Vasilyevich to supervise the issuance of the materials they needed to academicians. Very soon, the scientists filed a complaint with the commission of inquiry, in which they reported that because of Lomonosov's associate, who was busy "examining the seals", they could not get the books and papers they needed on time, and thus "continue their business." After that, the members of the academic meeting forbade Mikhail Vasilyevich to work with them, which was tantamount to his renunciation of science.
This announcement was a strong shock for the young man, and at the end of April 1743 he, having met Professor Winsheim on his way to the geographical department, could not restrain himself. Eyewitnesses noted that Lomonosov “publicly denounced the professors, calling them rogues and other nasty words. And he called the advisor Schumacher a thief. " By this act, Mikhail Vasilyevich finally turned the majority of academicians against himself. Eleven professors appealed to the commission of inquiry with a demand for "satisfaction". At the end of May, the scientist was summoned "for a conversation," but he refused to answer questions and was arrested. These showdowns allowed Schumacher's comrades-in-arms to achieve the main thing - from the stealing head of the chancellery, the investigation switched attention to his unrestrained and irascible opponent. "Academic business" ended by the end of 1743, and everyone, as it were, remained with their own. Schumacher, having paid one hundred rubles for the waste of state wine, returned to the place of the first adviser, Nartov remained in the old post of the second adviser, while Lomonosov, who publicly apologized for his speeches, retained the post of adjunct and the opportunity to engage in scientific activities.
It should be noted that Lomonosov's family affairs also did not go well in those years. In the fall of 1740, he learned about the death of his father, who did not return from another voyage. In December 1740, his wife gave birth to his son Ivan, but the baby soon died. The cruel lack of money did not allow Mikhail Vasilyevich to take Elizaveta Khristina to his place in St. Petersburg, which made the scientist's wife feel abandoned. In March 1743, in the midst of the struggle against the "Shumakhershchina", Lomonosov finally sent her money, and in the fall of the same year, she and her daughter and brother arrived in the northern capital of Russia to find out with horror that her husband had been sent under investigation. In addition to this, their daughter Yekaterina Elizabeth soon died.
Lomonosov learned the necessary lessons from what happened and since then never again expressed his feelings openly. While living under arrest, Mikhail Vasilyevich wrote a huge number of unique scientific studies that increased his authority in the scientific world. This led to unexpected success - in April 1745, he sent a petition to confer on him the position of professor of chemistry. Schumacher, convinced that academics, offended by the scientist, would fail his candidacy, sent a request for consideration by the members of the Academy. He miscalculated, in June, having familiarized himself with the work "On Metallic Luster", the academicians spoke in favor of Lomonosov. In mid-August 1745, Mikhail Vasilyevich, one of the first Russian scientists, was awarded the high title of professor of the Academy of Sciences. And in October, after long delays, a chemical laboratory was opened, which became a home for the Russian genius - he lived there all day, experimenting and lecturing to students. By the way, modern physical chemistry owes its birth to Lomonosov. The milestone was the course read by the scientist in 1751, touching upon the foundations of the corpuscular (molecular-kinetic) theory, which ran counter to the caloric theory prevailing at that time. The scientist's family affairs also improved. In February 1749, his daughter Elena was born. Lomonosov's only heiress later married Alexei Konstantinov, the librarian of Catherine II.
Despite Schumacher's return to power, it soon became clear that the members of the Academy were no longer going to tolerate him. Having opposed the first adviser to the chancellery in a united camp, they sent a whole packet of complaints to the Senate. Lomonosov, who became one of the leaders of the unfolding struggle, developed a new "Regulation" providing for the expansion of the rights of scientists. In May 1746, Kirill Razumovsky, who was the younger brother of the tsarist favorite, was appointed president of the Academy. Seriously not interested in either culture or science, a very lazy count entrusted all the problems of the institution to his mentor Grigory Teplov. The latter, in turn, was most concerned with strengthening the position at court, and therefore preferred to transfer routine affairs to the same Schumacher. At the same time, the authorities, in order not to allow the Academy of Sciences to turn into a self-governing organization, transformed it into a state department, "granting" the academicians their own "Regulations", which placed them under the authority of the chancellery. These events led to the departure of a number of prominent scientists abroad. Lomonosov strongly condemned such actions, calling them treacherous. Among other things, the flight of academicians dealt a blow to his reputation, since Mikhail Vasilyevich vouched for some of them.
It is curious that at present Lomonosov is generally known as an outstanding scientist who left his mark in many fields of science. However, during his lifetime, Mikhail Vasilyevich was known to society primarily as a brilliant poet. In 1748 Lomonosov published a book on the science of eloquence "Rhetoric", containing many translations of Roman and Greek works. The result of his literary activity was summed up "Collected works in prose and poetry by Mikhail Lomonosov" published in 1751. Among other things, Mikhail Vasilyevich introduced a three-syllable foot (amphibrachium, anapest and dactyl, differing in stress on different syllables), as well as "male" rhyme (iambic).
In 1750, an important event took place in the life of the scientist, which greatly facilitated his existence. He met the new favorite of Elizaveta Petrovna, twenty-three-year-old Ivan Shuvalov. Unlike Kirill Razumovsky, this young man was a true connoisseur of beauty and in every possible way supported figures of science and art. He treated Lomonosov with great respect, often coming to visit him in order to talk on various topics. Warm relations with Ivan Ivanovich helped Lomonosov both in everyday life and in the implementation of his many plans. Already in 1751, the son of a Pomor received the rank of collegiate councilor with a large salary at that time of one thousand two hundred rubles a year and the right to hereditary nobility. At that time, Professor of the Academy of Sciences Jacob Shtelin gave an interesting general characteristic of Lomonosov's personality: “Physical qualities: almost athletic strength and outstanding strength. As an example - the fight with three sailors, whom he defeated by taking off their clothes. Mental qualities: greedy for knowledge, a researcher seeking to discover new things. Lifestyle: common. Moral qualities: strict with household and subordinates, uncouth."
In 1746, Count Mikhail Vorontsov brought from Rome samples of Italian mosaics, the secrets of which were carefully guarded. Lomonosov, who received a chemical laboratory at his disposal, decided to develop his own technology for the production of colored opaque glass. He received the first high-quality samples already at the beginning of 1750. Having achieved success and being a practical person, the scientist on September 25, 1752 sent to the Empress "a proposal to organize a mosaic business", asking for 3710 rubles for needs every year. This project was rejected, but Lomonosov raised the issue until he got permission from the Senate to allocate him a small plot of land in Ust-Ruditsa (not far from Oranienbaum) and two hundred serfs for the construction of a glass factory. The enterprise of the Russian genius began work already at the beginning of 1754. After giving the young peasants lessons in working with glass, Mikhail Vasilyevich began to look for artists who were able to create mosaic paintings. He managed to get the students of the Academic Drawing School Efim Melnikov and Matvey Vasiliev transferred to the factory, who became the creators of most of his mosaics. The scientist himself had no artistic talent, but he knew very well the properties of colored glass and gave very valuable advice to those who "built" the mosaics. In addition, Mikhail Vasilyevich attracted his brother-in-law Johann Zilch to work at the factory. Within a short period of time after the opening, the production of beads, beads, bugles and smalt was established. A year later, the factory produced such "haberdashery products" such as pendants, faceted stones, brooches, cufflinks. Since 1757, more complex luxury items have been made from multi-colored, mainly turquoise glass - writing and toilet utensils, table sets, cast table boards, blown figures, ornaments for gardens. However, all the products did not find demand - the entrepreneur from Lomonosov was not resourceful enough. The scientist pinned great hopes on government orders - mainly on a series of large-scale mosaics about the deeds of Peter the Great. But of these, only the popular "Poltava Battle" was completed, and soon after the death of Mikhail Vasilyevich, the factory in Ust-Ruditsa was closed.
In addition to chemistry, Lomonosov, together with Professor of the Academy of Sciences Georg Richman, was engaged in the study of the nature of thunderstorms. By the way, Richman even built his own "thunder machine", which registered electrical discharges in the atmosphere. The professors collaborated with each other and tried not to miss a single thunderstorm. At the end of July 1753, in the middle of the day, a severe thunderstorm broke out, and the scientists, as usual, stood at their instruments. After some time, Mikhail Vasilyevich went to dinner, and this, apparently, saved his life. About what happened next, Lomonosov wrote to Ivan Shuvalov: “I sat at the table for a couple of minutes, the door was suddenly opened by Richman's man, all in tears and out of breath. He barely uttered: "The professor was struck by thunder" … The first blow from the hanging line hit him in the head - a cherry-red spot is visible on his forehead, and an electric thunderous force came out of his legs into the boards. The legs were blue, one shoe was torn but not burned. He was still warm, and we tried to resume the flow of blood. However, his head is damaged and there is no more hope … The professor died, in his profession, fulfilling his post. " Shocked by what happened, Mikhail Vasilyevich, with the support of Shuvalov, procured a life pension for the widow and children of his deceased colleague.
Many rather pessimistic assessments of Lomonosov have survived regarding the Academic University, where he studied and worked. In his notes, the scientist noted that of the eleven students of the Spasskaya School who came with him to the Academic University in 1732, only one managed to become a professor. The rest "were all spoiled by the supervision of the poor." Another twelve pupils of the Slavic-Latin Academy, who went to St. Petersburg in 1735, were deprived of free food and accommodation. There was no sensible study either. When the students filed a complaint with the Senate, Schumacher ordered them to be flogged with batogs. A similar picture was observed in the future - the classes were conducted unsystematically, and the professors of the Academy themselves considered lectures a burden and a waste of time. In the words of Lomonosov: "Students, being cold and hungry, could think little about learning … It's no wonder that not only professors or associates, home-grown, but worthy students, did not come from the founding of the gymnasium." At the end, Lomonosov sadly remarked: “St. Petersburg University has no effect. There is nothing inside that could be called a university or an Academy."
Concerned about the fate of science in the country in 1754, he turned to Ivan Shuvalov with a proposal to found a higher educational institution not directly related to the Academy of Sciences. The project prepared by the scientist was transferred by Count Shuvalov to the Senate, and in January 1755 Elizaveta Petrovna approved it. This is how Moscow University appeared, created on fundamentally different foundations than its metropolitan counterpart. Most importantly, it was not an appendage to any institution, and therefore had only the main task of teaching students. The charter of the institution provided teachers and students with some autonomy, which was very important, since it developed a mentality alien to the Academic University. A sense of corporatism was inherent in the teachers and students of Moscow University, at least in part overcoming class prejudices, since in the same auditoriums lectures were listened to by commoners, soldiers and peasants' children, priests and nobles. The opening ceremony of Moscow University took place at the end of April 1755 in the building of the former Main Pharmacy, classes began in the summer of the same year.
Lomonosov, at that time, plunged headlong into the problems of organizing the work of a glass factory and an art workshop in which mosaics were to be created. At the same time, he managed to deal with various academic affairs, as well as such pressing problems as organizing illumination during the celebration of the Empress's namesake. In 1755, with the support of Shuvalov, Mikhail Vasilyevich launched an attack on the academic front, severely criticizing the state of affairs in the Academy of Sciences. In this regard, he quarreled with Grigory Teplov and received a reprimand from the president of the Academy, Kirill Razumovsky. The empress intervened in the matter, and as a result, all disagreements were hushed up, and in March 1757 Mikhail Vasilyevich was appointed a member of the academic chancellery. A year later, Lomonosov became the head of the Geographical Department of the Academy of Sciences, focusing his efforts on the development of the Atlas of the Russian Empire, describing the most remote territories of the country, including Kamchatka. Taking control of the leadership of the Academic University and the Academic Gymnasium, the scientist took measures to establish the normal operation of these institutions. In particular, he significantly improved the financial situation of students, and also doubled their number (up to sixty people). A curious episode of a conversation in those years between Lomonosov and Shuvalov was cited by Alexander Pushkin in his notes. Once, in the heat of a dispute, an angry Ivan Ivanovich said to a scientist: "Here I will leave you from the Academy." To which the Russian genius objected: “No. Unless you leave the Academy from me”.
Despite his administrative activities, Mikhail Vasilyevich did not abandon his scientific research - in particular, during these years he developed a new "Russian grammar" and turned to the history of Russia. The study of the sources resulted in Lomonosov's works "Ancient Russian History" (brought to 1054) and "A Brief Russian Chronicler with a Genealogy". In addition, having left the Department of Chemistry in 1755, Lomonosov acquired a home laboratory and continued his research there. His work with glass led him to a passion for optics and to the creation of an original theory of color, opposed to the generally accepted Newtonian. In addition, the scientist has developed a number of unique optical devices, which were not appreciated in due measure by his contemporaries. For example, a "night vision tube", which allowed "at night to distinguish between ships and rocks" or a batoscope, which made it possible "to see much deeper the bottom in the sea and in rivers." Finally, Mikhail Vasilyevich formulated a number of original theoretical ideas, which were later confirmed, but during the lifetime of the genius remained largely unclear. For example, in the "Lay of the Birth of Metals" Lomonosov argued that coal is obtained from a peat bog by the action of an underground fire.
On May 26, 1761, an extremely rare astronomical phenomenon occurred - the passage of the planet Venus across the solar disk. Many scientists from all European countries were preparing for this event, calculated in advance. Lomonosov, being the head of the geographical department, sent two expeditions - to Selenginsk and Irkutsk. Mikhail Vasilyevich himself organized the "show" of Venus in St. Petersburg, personally taking part in it. As a result, he, like many other observers, noticed a certain rim of light around the planet. However, Lomonosov was the only one who gave him the correct interpretation - "Venus" has its own atmosphere. Observing the planet was the reason for another invention - the scientist took up the improvement of the telescope and proposed a fundamentally new design with one concave mirror. Due to the increase in the luminous flux, Lomonosov's device came out more powerful and not as cumbersome as the previous devices. In May 1762, Lomonosov demonstrated the operation of the telescope at a meeting of the Academy of Sciences, but a report on this was not published for political reasons.
At the end of June 1762, another palace coup took place, placing Catherine II at the helm of power. The balance of forces in the Academy of Sciences has changed dramatically. Ivan Shuvalov, thanks to whom Lomonosov could work freely, found himself in the opponents of the new empress. Ekaterina also remembered that Shuvalov's protégé had never before sought to win her favor. It is not surprising that Mikhail Vasilievich, the only prominent member of the Academy, was deprived of any honors when the tsarina ascended the throne. The offended scientist, referring to "aching bones", sent a letter of resignation, but never received an answer. And in 1763, the revived Grigory Teplov tried, with the support of Razumovsky, to take away the geographical department from Lomonosov. Mikhail Vasilyevich managed to repel the onslaught, presenting an extensive list of accomplishments in recent years. Then the opponents of the great scientist seized on his resignation letter. This had an effect, and at the beginning of May 1763 Catherine II signed the corresponding decree.
Lomonosov did not stay in retirement for long. This time his defender was Grigory Orlov himself. Thanks to the intervention of the favorite, the empress not only canceled her order, but also endowed Mikhail Vasilyevich with the rank of state councilor, increasing the annual salary to 1900 rubles. And soon Lomonosov received from Ekaterina a proposal to develop a new "Regulation" in order to improve the work of the Academy of Sciences. He gladly fulfilled this task - the created project limited the powers of the office and provided more rights to the scientific community. These thoughts were to some extent taken into account after the death of Lomonosov, when the Academy was headed by Vladimir Orlov. The same tonality had the project of the Agricultural Academy drawn up by Mikhail Vasilyevich in 1763. He saw the main figures in it as practitioners and scientists - physicists, chemists, foresters, gardeners, botanists, enlightened landowners, but not bureaucrats.
In the last years of his life, Lomonosov was enthusiastically engaged in collecting by himself an expedition organized by him to find "the passage by the Siberian ocean to East India." The scientist delved into all the technical details of the upcoming voyage, in particular, he developed the "Instructions for naval officers", drew up an approximate travel route and supplied the sailors with "night vision tubes" of his own manufacture. Unfortunately, two expeditions, carried out after the death of Lomonosov in 1765 and 1766 under the command of Vasily Chichagov, ended unsuccessfully.
Previously, the good health of the scientist in 1764 began to deteriorate sharply - more and more often "crowbar in the bones" chained Mikhail Vasilyevich to bed. In June, during another illness, the queen unexpectedly visited him. After spending a couple of hours in Lomonosov's house, Catherine II, according to reviews, tried in every possible way to encourage the scientist. And in March 1765, Mikhail Vasilyevich, returning from a meeting of the Admiralty Collegium, caught a bad cold. He developed pneumonia, and on April 15, 1765, at about five o'clock in the afternoon, Lomonosov died. The Russian torch was buried at the Lazarevskoye cemetery on the territory of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Literally on the eve of his death, he ordered that his nephew Mikhail Golovin be assigned at public expense to the Academic Gymnasium. Subsequently, Mikhail Evseevich became a famous Russian mathematician.
