Stories of raider seizures in Russia in recent years have begun to appear with enviable constancy in the information fields of various regions. At the same time, the overwhelming majority of Russian citizens see the very term raiding as a picture, when armed people in camouflage and masks make a kind of Mongol-Tatar raid on this or that enterprise, remove the old leadership and put new people in its place, who have since become masters. factory. However, the Voronezh region managed to debunk this stereotype about "black-masked" raiding …
The enterprise, which turned out to be at the epicenter of the raider events, turned out to be JSC Pavlovskgranit, which is the largest enterprise in Europe for the production of crushed granite. The publication Voennoye Obozreniye became interested in the situation at Pavlovskgranit due to the fact that this enterprise has been directly related to the interests of maintaining the country's defense capability over the past few years. The fact is that the Pavlovsk plant includes its own plant cluster, which specializes in the production of special emulsion explosives. These substances can be used in the production of crushed granite, as well as for military purposes. EEH surpasses TNT in several characteristics, and therefore is an object of keen interest on the part of experts in explosives issues from different countries of the world.
Today the work of this large enterprise is almost completely paralyzed. The fact is, at Pavlovskgranit, in fact, the owner does not exist. No, there are actually more than enough people who want to declare their full-fledged management at the plant, but the situation remains more than tense.
Let's turn to the recent history that is associated with the Pavlovsky GOK. In 2008, the deputy of the Voronezh Regional Duma Sergei Poimanov, who at that time possessed a controlling stake in the enterprise, decided to gain 100% control over Pavlovskgranit by buying out a stake from his partner Sergei Mamedov. To do this, he decided to take a loan in the amount of 5.1 billion rubles from Sberbank. At the same time, Sberbank issued a loan to Poimanov on the security of about 36.4% of the company's shares, which by that time the regional official already owned, as well as on the security of the deputy's personal property. For a year and a half, Poimanov used the funds received to develop production at Pavlovskgranit, trying to put the Voronezh enterprise on the path of generating solid profits. However, as you know, at that time Russia, like the whole world, was going through hard economic times, and reaching full-fledged profitability was extremely difficult. The financial situation at the enterprise continued to deteriorate, and Poimanov, as the main shareholder of Pavlovskgranit, by 2010 did not have the funds to pay off the loan in respect of Sberbank. At the same time, Sergei Poimanov himself claims that as soon as the fact of insolvency manifested itself, he personally asked the board of Sberbank to restructure the debt, and there were more than two dozen appeals to the bank.
Instead of obtaining consent to restructure the debt, Poimanov received an offer from the board of Sberbank to buy out 51% of the shares of an unexpectedly unprofitable production for 1 million rubles. For comparison, a comfortable one-room apartment in the city of Pavlovsk costs 1 million rubles … Such a price in Sberbank, apparently, was associated with the fact that there is a crisis in the country, which means that the owner should be glad of this too. The real price of the controlling stake in the enterprise was at that time about 13 billion rubles. In other words, Sberbank offered the owner to "get rid" of the enterprise at a cost that is 13 thousand times less than the real cost of production!
Obviously, such an offer from one of the largest Russian banks looked at least strange. As a result, the transaction, for obvious reasons, did not take place, and the board of Sberbank, apparently deciding to take revenge on the intractable Poimanov in a peculiar way, suggested that he pay off the loan obligations ahead of schedule, which the owner of the enterprise could not do physically.
Then the fun began. Sberbank, taking advantage of the fact that Sergei Poimanov, has pledged more than 36% of its shares, this package is simply seizing its hands, to which, in principle, it has every right. But the point is not that Sberbank "takes its toll", but that, in a strange way, the shares subsequently end up in the hands of the owners of companies registered in offshore zones: in Cyprus and the British Virgin Islands. Sberbank simply sold shares to its own structure, Sberbank Capital, which in turn resold the debt package to a certain LLC Atlantik, and this structure went even further by selling shares. In addition, at the end of 2011, another 25% of Pavlovskgranit shares were sold, which belonged to Sergei Poimanov personally. The initiator of the auction was Rosgosimushchestvo. In other words, a strategically important enterprise directly related to the country's defense capability ends up in the hands of persons directly related to foreign states and foreign private companies.
After that, people arrived on the territory of "Pavlovskgranit", whom Poimanov himself calls ordinary raiders, but who, apparently, are of little interest to the opinion of this person. Yuri Zhukov, who heads the National Non-Metallic Company, positions himself as the new head of the enterprise, who himself announced to the employees of the GOK that the ex-owner, Mr. Poimanov, could start an "armed seizure" of production any day. The capture, however, did not take place, because the new leadership decided to turn the GOK into an impregnable fortress, blocking all possible entrances for Poimanov and his people. As a result, Sergei Poimanov himself was exposed as the raider. At the same time, it remains unclear how Mr. Zhukov became the new character in this story. But there is also an answer to this question: it turns out that the owner of the National Non-Metallic Company is very close to the management of Sberbank, who, apparently, liked Pavlovskgranit very much …
Sergei Poimanov says that on behalf of the company he was forced to go to court today, and before Sberbank's decision to sell Pavlovskgranit shares to offshore companies, he also wrote a letter to Vladimir Putin personally. Putin, who at the time of receiving the letter, was the head of the Russian Cabinet of Ministers, instructed the head of the Department of Economics, and now the Minister of Economic Development, Andrei Belousov to deal with the situation. However, the Belousov trial ended with the fact that Vladimir Putin was simply informed that the situation was in good hands, and since the shares went to Sberbank, they would certainly be disposed of in the right way there.
As a result, Sberbank, as we already know, actually disposed of the shares, but only one thing is completely incomprehensible: does an ordinary (albeit large) financial institution of the country have the authority to resell shares of enterprises directly related to the defense industry to firms registered in foreign countries? … It turns out that the financial transaction that was carried out a couple of years ago by Sberbank, to put it mildly, needs additional study and evaluation. And it also turns out that someone purposefully concealed from Vladimir Putin how the story with the sale of Pavlovskgranit shares to new owners through Sberbank could end.
In such a situation, there is no need to try to somehow talk about an illegal decision in relation to Deputy Poimanov, because he took the loan himself, which means he had to believe that if it was impossible to repay it, the bank had the right to dispose of his collateral. And, to put it mildly, it is not recommended for a deputy to do business in our time …
However, the question is not even Poimanova, but what actions Sberbank performed with those pledged shares. It turns out that if an enterprise that works to improve the country's defense capability, but for one reason or another, is partially or completely in private hands and at the same time cannot pay off the creditor banks, then the property of these enterprises can be sent to where the board is. the bank considers it necessary and profitable. If so, "Pavlovskgranit" and its new management, which is associated with foreign offshore companies, can only become the first sign of "innovative" raiding. At this rate, the matter will come to the sale directly over the hill or into the hands of those who have interests behind this “hill” and other defense enterprises of the country. The calculation is clearly made on the fact that the problem will be released on the brakes and the public will not know about it.
It was possible to put an end to this, or rather a bold question mark, but … The new applicants for the ownership of Pavlovskgranit decided to justify themselves with the help of the court. According to their version, Poimanov himself, being the owner of the GOK, was engaged in illegal affairs and abused his powers. Today the Investigative Committee is investigating where and how Sergei Poimanov withdrew about 1 billion rubles of profit from the accounts of Pavlovskgranit at the moment when he himself declared his insolvency.
In general, in a dispute over such a gigantic enterprise as Pavlovskgranit, as they say, all means are good. It is extremely difficult to figure out who is right and who is to blame … But in this whole situation, it is alarming that the further this, excuse me, fuss of shareholders goes, the further the enterprise will move away from the needs of the Russian economy and defense industry …
