The successful actions of aviation formations (assault, army, fighter, transport, sea) depend not only on the characteristics of the aircraft, the quality of their weapons, but to a large extent on the training of the flight crews and the preparedness of the command and control officers.
The air raid of the air forces and naval aviation of the country's navy has practically become tantamount to the raid of the NATO aircraft crews. It should be borne in mind that, for example, the cost of a flight per hour of a modern fighter is estimated at one million rubles. The exercises in the military districts, conducted this year with the use of aviation formations, demonstrated the need for the development and implementation of training simulators in the troops, on which flight crews, combat control officers and flight directors could additionally hone their skills. The officers of the combat control of the country's aviation formations include: the flight director, the head of the landing zone, the head of the near zone, officers of the combat control - the guidance navigator.
Since 1976, the creation of training and modeling complexes for combat control officers for the country's military aviation has been carried out by NII-33 (now it is VNIIRA). According to its characteristics, the first digital semi-natural training and modeling complex and educational and methodological capabilities surpassed foreign counterparts. On this complex, the heads of flights, landing zones, approach to the airfield and specialists from the military sectors of the control of the OBU could simultaneously conduct complex trainings. Comprehensive training of these specialists was achieved through objective modeling of the operation of all radio-technical airfield facilities.
Five years later, NII-33, on the initiative of the USSR Ministry of Radio Industry (6 GU YG Shatrakov), is appointed by the government of the country as the lead developer of training and modeling complexes for flight management groups and officers of the combat directorate of dispatch and command posts for all types of aviation.
Head of the 6th GU of the USSR Ministry of Radio Industry Yu. G. Shatrakov / Chief Designer of the Repeater-M product A. D. Owl
The training and modeling complex created at NII-33 under the code "Repeater" made it possible with a high degree of objectivity to simulate the simultaneous operation of two command posts of aviation regiments, providing modes of both interaction and counteraction. These techniques could be practiced while simulating the conditions of enemy fire and electronic countermeasures.
After the adoption of the complex for the supply of the Armed Forces of the country (order of the Minister of Defense of the USSR No. 0356 dated 28.12.1984), all centers for the combat training of aviation of the Ministry of Defense of the country were equipped with it. The introduction of the complex into the practice of training officers of the combat command of aviation formations made it possible to imitate at a qualitatively new level not only the use of air formations in relation to the theater of operations chosen by the command, but to conduct command-staff exercises at all levels, to develop new tactics and methods of conducting combat operations.
The development of defense, breakthrough and information technologies allowed JSC "VNIIRA" to develop on the instructions of the Ministry of Defense of the country a training and modeling complex of the fourth generation (code "Repeater-M"). For this complex, tasks were formulated that officers could work out on it:
- mastering tactical techniques during combat operations of an aviation regiment, two interacting regiments and a large aviation formation;
- mastering the skills of flight crew control when guiding aircraft to destroy ground targets;
- mastering the skills of eye guidance of airplanes at various targets using ground-to-air radio communication channels and information from primary radio altimeters, taking into account the parameters of airborne sights;
- mastering techniques for overcoming the enemy's air defense lines;
- mastering the techniques of guiding fighters to air targets in conditions of active, passive interference and when the screens of the air situation are illuminated by navigators of guidance from cumulonimbus clouds;
- improving the skills of flight management in the assigned areas of responsibility in accordance with the "Instructions for the operation of flights at specific airfields based on aviation formations";
- skills of combat control of aviation formations in identifying current and potential potential conflict situations, ensuring flight safety and making the right decisions by officers in the allotted time;
- skills for the interaction of officers of combat control and crews of the command post of the regiment, etc.
The training and modeling complex "Repeater-M" was created according to a modular principle on the basis of a distributed structure of personal computers, united by a local computer network. This makes it possible to constantly build up functional tasks in the complex on the basis of improving the software product and, due to this, the volume of skills mastered by combat control officers. New tactical tasks to be mastered are constantly appearing both with the development of aviation and in the analysis of foreign aviation combat operations in regional conflicts. So, recently, a form of training for combat control officers has been introduced into the complex when simulating combat actions of tactical aviation formations, practicing special tactical tasks, both by single flight crews and as part of mixed aviation groups, breaking through enemy air defense zones using collective false targets.
The industrial development of advanced flight control systems made it possible to replace the previously used VISP-75 display facilities with KSRP-A in the Repeater-M product. A distinctive feature of this complex is also the fact that it was created using domestic hardware components.
The modular principle of construction and the openness of the architecture of the "Repeater-M" product make it possible to carry out its constant modernization according to bulletins developed with the military-scientific support of the "4th State Center for the Training of Aviation Personnel and Military Tests", headed by Major General of Aviation A. N. Kharchevsky.
Major General A. N. Kharchevsky
This eliminated the need to carry out costly new R&D. Such savings for the country's budget amount to at least 1.5 billion rubles.
Under the leadership of leading scientists of JSC VNIIRA, research is currently being carried out on the creation of virtual electronic training grounds on the basis of breakthrough and defense technologies for training flight crews, combat command officers and directly to a given theater of operations at a new, more effective level. The principles of creating such polygons were substantiated in the reports of scientists from JSC VNIIRA and JSC Concern PVO Almaz-Antey at the Tekhnodoktrina 2014 forum held under the leadership of the Russian military-industrial complex in November 2014.
