History 2024, November

“Personally, I would not call the war a school. Better to let the person study in other educational institutions. But still, there I learned to appreciate Life - not only my own, but the one with a capital letter. Everything else is no longer so important …”A.D. Papanov Anatoly Papanov was born on October 31, 1922 in Vyazma. His mother

A. Figner, F. Vintsingorode, A. SeslavinIn the article Russian Partisans of 1812: "People's War", we talked a little about the "People's War", which peasant detachments fought with the Great Army of Napoleon in 1812. This will tell about the "flying

So, on December 25, 1762, after the death of Elizabeth Petrovna, her nephew, who went down in history under the name of Peter III, became the new emperor of Russia. Peter III. An engraving of the late 18th century by an unknown author His right to the throne as the only direct and legitimate descendant of Peter I was undeniable. But have

I. M. Pryanishnikov. “In 1812. Captive French "Partisans When the conversation comes about the Russian partisans of 1812, the first thing to remember is the" cudgel of the people's war "(an expression that became" winged "after the publication of Leo Tolstoy's novel" War and Peace "). And represent the bearded men in

In the article Russian partisans of 1812. "Flying detachments" of regular troops, we began a story about the partisan detachments that operated in the rear of Napoleon's Great Army in 1812. We talked about Ferdinand Wintsingorod, Alexander Seslavin and Alexander Figner. Now we will continue this story, and heroes

So, on December 25, 1762, after the death of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, Pyotr Fedorovich ascended the Russian throne. Soon he was to be 33 years old, almost 20 of which he spent in Russia. And now Peter could finally begin to realize his thoughts and plans. Emperor Peter III (from engraving

The replica of the stone of destiny, Scone palace It was also told about the myths and legends of the peoples of different countries associated with such stones. In this article, we will talk about stones that are like

E. V. Kamynina. "Towards battle" In September 1812, having made its famous flanking march, the Russian army found itself on the territory of the modern Kaluga region. The state of the army was by no means brilliant. And it was not only the big losses that were natural for such a battle. The moral was hard

Nicholas II and Alexandra Fedorovna, 1908 In this article we will talk a little about the last Russian empress - Alexandra Fedorovna, who was equally unloved in all strata of society and played a significant role in the collapse of the monarchy. First, let's briefly talk about the state of affairs in our country

Megaliths Taula (Balearic Islands) Today we will continue the story started in the article "Stories with a stone." Sources that have come down to us speak of some unknown people

The famous Polish science fiction writer Andrzej Sapkowski, assessing the influence of the legends of the Arturian (Breton) cycle on world literature, said: “The legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table is the archetype, the prototype of all fantasy works.” Let's now talk a little about this legendary

In the article The femme fatale of the house of the Romanovs. Bride and groom we started the story about the German princess Alice of Hesse. In particular, it was told how she, in spite of the circumstances, became the wife of the last Russian emperor Nicholas II. Alice hastily arrived in Russia on the eve of the death of Alexander III

Arrested member of the Ndrangheta Today we will continue the story started in the article Calabrian Ndrangheta. Let's talk about clan wars, Calabrian families outside Italy, the state of affairs in modern Ndrangheta. "The first war of the Ndrangheta"

The Grail story is a classic example of the adaptation of pagan legends to new Christian realities. Its sources and basis were the apocryphal "Gospel of Nicodemus" (Gnostic) and the Celtic legend about the island of the blessed Avalon. For Christian authors, Avalon became a dwelling place for souls

The arrest of Salvatore Colucci, one of the bosses of the Ndrangheta, October 2009 In previous articles we talked about the Sicilian mafia, the clans of the American Cosa Nostra, the Campanian Camorra. This one will tell about the criminal community of Calabria - Ndrangheta ('Ndrangheta). Calabria and Calabrians in the more advanced

A sword in a stone near a castle near the village of Thornton, England Megaliths can be seen in many countries and continents. This is the name of ancient structures made of huge stones, connected without the use of cement or lime mortar, or huge detached stones. They surprise and inspire respect, they

Shot from the movie "King Arthur", 2004 In this article we will talk a little about the Celts, who from about the middle of the VIII century. BC NS. and until the turn of the old and new eras were the real masters of Europe. At the peak of their expansion, the Celtic tribes occupied the territory of France, Belgium, Switzerland, British

S.R. Meyrick and C.H. Smith. The chief druid in judicial vestments In the article The Time of the Celts, we talked a little about this people, whose tribes, at the peak of their expansion, inhabited vast territories of Europe. Now we will continue this story and talk about the culture of the Celts and its influence on the European

Still from the movie "Gomorrah" In previous articles, it was told about the Sicilian mafia and Cosa Nostra, "families" operating in the United States. Now we will talk about criminal communities in other regions of Italy. Areas Controlled by Italian Crime Clans In this article, we briefly describe

Raffaele Cuotolo As we remember from the article Camorra: Myths and Reality, there was no single criminal organization in Naples and Campania. In the 70s of the twentieth century, Raffaele Cutolo tried to create such a community. Vito Faenza, a journalist for the Corriere del Mezzogiorno newspaper, wrote about this:

Arrested Camorista Amalia Carotenuto In previous articles, we talked about the history of the Campanian Camorra, the modern clans of this criminal community, casually mentioning the women of these "families". Now let's talk about some of them in more detail. Camorris In this photo we see another

Still from the series "The Birth of the Mafia" (episode "Equal Opportunities") An article by the Mafia in New York talked about the emergence of the mafia in this city and about the famous "reformer" Lucky Luciano. Now let's start a story about the five mafia clans of New York and the Chicago Syndicate. We remember that only in the United States at present

Still from the series "The Birth of the Mafia" In the article Mafia Clans of New York: Genovese and Gambino, we began a story about five famous "families" who settled in this city. Now we will talk about the Bonanno, Lucchese and Colombo clans, and also finish the story about the Chicago Mafia Syndicate. Clan shards

In the previous article (Armenian pogroms in the Ottoman Empire and the massacre of 1915-1916), it was told about the beginning of the Armenian pogroms in this state (which began in 1894) and about the large-scale massacre of Armenians in 1915 and subsequent years, which for the first time in history was called genocide. In this part we

A shot from the series "The Birth of the Mafia: New York" In the previous articles of the series, it was told about the "old" Sicilian mafia, the appearance of mafia in New Orleans and Chicago, the "dry law" and "conference" in Atlantic City, about Al Capon and gang wars in Chicago. Now we'll talk about mafia clans

In this article, in addition to Al Capone, we will begin a story about the new mafia - Cosa Nostra, which has settled in the United States of America. From previous articles, you should remember that the name Cosa Nostra (Our Business) became widely known in the United States after 1929. Many researchers believe that

Al Pacino as Cuban gangster in the movie "Scarface" The article "Old" Sicilian Mafia told about the history of the emergence of the mafia in Sicily and the traditions of this criminal community. We also talked about the fight that he waged against the mafia Mussolini, and the revenge of the Duce mafia on

Monument of the Republic at Taksim Square, Istanbul So, we will continue the story of the history of Turkey begun in the article The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and talk about the emergence of the Turkish Republic. War of Turkey with Greece In 1919, the so-called Second Greco-Turkish War began. May 15, 1919, even before the signing

As you remember from the article The Crisis of the Ottoman Empire and the Evolution of the Position of Gentiles, the first Armenians in the Ottoman state appeared after the conquest of Constantinople in 1453. They lived here for a long time, and the first Armenian church in this city was built in the middle of the XIV century. To

In previous articles, it was told about the situation of various communities of Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire, the evolution of the situation of people who refuse to practice Islam, and the independence of the countries of the Balkan Peninsula. In the next two we will talk about the last years of the empire

Sarajevo, the skeleton of the T-54 tank, April 1, 1996 We finished the article The Ottoman period in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina with a report on the collapse of four great empires - Russian, German, Austrian and Ottoman. In this we will continue the story about the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina from December 1918 to our

His life was like a Hollywood movie. A boy from a remote village, the son of a political exile managed to become a hero of a new country. He, being in the thick of things, kept his ship afloat for many years. But, unlike the film, the ending turned out to be much more prosaic. Nikolay

In 1868, the Bukhara Emirate fell into vassal dependence on the Russian Empire, having received the protectorate status. Existing since 1753 as the successor of the Bukhara Khanate, the emirate of the same name was created by the tribal aristocracy of the Uzbek clan Mangyt. It was from him that the first Bukhara emir came

Since 1983, the seriously ill Enver Hoxha gradually transferred power to Ramiz Aliya, who became his successor. Enver Hoxha died on April 11, 1985, and the new Albanian leadership did not accept (sent back) a telegram expressing condolences from the USSR (where the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee was already

Herzegovinians in ambush, illustration from the magazine "Srbadija", 1876 The ancestors of the Bosnians are believed to have appeared in the Balkans along with other Slavic tribes around 600 AD. NS. The first mention of the Bosnians in a written source is recorded in 877: this document speaks of the Bosnian

How Mikhail Gorbachev was left without people loyal to him 9th KGB Directorate: 1985–1992 Studying the history of personal protection in the USSR reveals a clear tendency: if those attached to the guarded had good relations, they remained faithful to him until the end, even after his death. Conversely: arrogance

Foreign intelligence officers, especially illegal intelligence officers, have never been deprived of state and departmental awards. Military and labor awards of our state, as well as honorary state and departmental badges are widely presented in the showcases of the Hall of History of Foreign Intelligence

The reconquista on the Iberian Peninsula lasted more than 7 centuries. It was a time of glorious victories and bitter defeats, treacherous betrayals and heroic devotion. The struggle of Christians against the Moors gave Spain, probably, one of its most famous national heroes - Rodrigo Diaz de Vivara, who

Traditionally, in Russia, people assigned their own names to each of their man-made creation, thereby wishing to endow them with the features of a living soul. Over time, this rule extended to the Air Fleet. Russia, following the example of France, at the end of the 18th century embarked on the path of airspace development

Kasper Leuken. Deposition of Sultan Mehmed IV The last sultan, about whom we managed to talk about in the previous article ("Game of Thrones" in the Ottoman Empire. Fatih's law in action and the emergence of cafes) was a strong man Murad IV, who died of cirrhosis of the liver at the age of 28 years. And now it's time for shehzade