PSS "Vul" was primarily intended for arming the personnel of state security agencies and military intelligence of the Soviet Union. The self-loading special pistol "Wool" is a unique weapon, being a weapon of special services units, it is better than others for inconspicuous wearing. Removing the pistol for use in one simple movement is an important plus of this pistol.
Creation and features of PPP "Vul"
The developer of PSS "Vul" is Klimovskiy TsNII TochMash. Designers - Krasnikov, Petrov, Medvetsky, Levchenko.
The development of a self-loading and silent pistol began in 1979. In 1983, work on the creation of the "Vul" training station was fully completed. The pistol goes into service with the special services of the Soviet Union. In the course of development received the designation 6P28 (in some sources 6P24) and the name "Vul". From other models of silent pistols, such as the well-known PB, PSS "Vul" differs in small dimensions, which make this weapon invisible when worn. The small dimensions and, first of all, the small barrel length were achieved by the developers thanks to the use of SP-4 special cartridges. These cartridges have a design feature - cutting off the powder gases in the case itself.
The use of a new special cartridge allowed the designers to abandon such a detail for silent shooting as a silencer. In addition, the self-loading mechanism of the PSS "Vul" provided a better rate of fire in comparison with weapons of this type using these special cartridges. The use of special cartridges allowed the designers to achieve excellent performance for this class of pistols. The payment for this is an expensive and difficult-to-manufacture ammunition. In addition, the sleeve after firing for a certain time is a dangerous product, since the pressure in it immediately after firing is about one thousand kg / cm2.
PPS device "Vul"
The trigger of the pistol is based on the trigger of the Makarov pistol.
The use of non-standard ammunition affected the design of the pistol, which is also unusual. The pistol has an automatic mechanism with a freewheel shutter, the return spring is located above the barrel inside the shutter on a guide rod. The barrel consists of 2 parts, the rifled part of the barrel is separated from the chamber and shifts slightly under the influence of the movement of the bullet. The chamber is equipped with its own return spring located underneath. The barrel is made inside a special tube. The casing closes the barrel from above and from the front. On the front of the bolt there is a retainer made as a swivel bushing with bevels for easy grip with fingers.
It is structurally provided for keeping the bolt open after firing a full ammunition using a bolt delay. USM - trigger, executed with a half-open trigger and a plate-type mainspring. The lower end of the spring is the magazine latch. The pistol is equipped with a removable single-row magazine for six special cartridges with side windows. The shutter-casing also carries a flag-type fuse and sighting equipment.
In addition to its own sighting device, a collimator-type sight can be installed on the pistol. It allows you to aim without covering your eyes, aiming only the aiming mark on the target. The handle is formed from the end of the frame on which the plastic parts are attached. The magazine is inserted into the pistol grip.
Operating principle
When fired, the bullet leaves the sleeve and begins to move along the rifling of the barrel, the pressure of the gases remaining between the bullet and the sleeve, pushes the sleeve with the chamber back. The shutter begins to move with them. After the chamber rolls back to the calculated distance of 8 mm, it stops moving back and rests against the pistol frame. The shutter, under the influence of inertia, continues to move, during which the sleeve is removed and discarded.
The chamber's own return spring begins to return it to its original position. The bolt, having finished its movement back, with a special protrusion on the inner surface engages with the chamber, and under the action of the additional mass and the counteraction of the chamber's own return spring, the bolt is decelerated smoothly. The smooth deceleration of the shutter reduces the sound of working off metal parts - you can hardly hear the clang of metal from the contact of parts. Another useful property of the design of the pistol and the use of the SP-4 special cartridge is that the depressurization of the barrel after the bullet does not create reduced pressure in the barrel bore, the powder gases do not leave the sleeve. In a conventional pistol, the reduced pressure in the bore leads to the restoration of pressure in the bore - atmospheric pop occurs.
Ammunition SP-4
The bullet is completely hidden in the bottle-shaped sleeve. The propellant charge in the sleeve is covered in front by a moving part, which has the shape of a cap. Under the influence of powder gases, it pushes the bullet, and itself stops at the outlet of the sleeve. The SP-4 ammunition has a cylindrical bullet weighing 9.3 grams. The bullet is made of steel and has a brass leading belt. There is a small indentation in the back of the bullet.
Although this shape worsens the ballistic characteristics of the bullet, it increases the stopping effect. From 20 meters, neither a modern helmet nor a 2nd class bulletproof vest can stop the bullet. From 30 meters, the bullet leaves a hole in the 5 mm steel sheet.
The main characteristics of the PSS "Vul":
- ammunition SP-4 caliber 7.62;
- weight of the equipped pistol 0.85 kilograms;
- length 17 centimeters;
- height 14 centimeters;
- width 2.5 cm;
- rate of fire - up to 8 rds / min;
- sighting range - 25 meters;
- the main operator of the special services of the USSR-Russia;
Additional Information
No other country in the world produces serially similar weapons.
PSS "Wool" is worn in an open holster. The pistol is gradually replacing the use of PB in the units of the Russian special services.
