Air command posts are intended to control strategic forces in the event of a failure of ground command posts and to withdraw from the strike in the event of a nuclear conflict, the country's top leadership.
For the first time, such aircraft appeared in the United States, they were specialized machines, with a set of special equipment and communication means, converted from KS-135A tanker aircraft, created in turn on the basis of the civilian Boeing-707.
In 1965, 11 KC-135A tankers by order of the SAC were converted into EC-135A repeater aircraft for the command and control system in the event of a nuclear attack. Externally, the aircraft stood out with only a few additional whip antennas and the presence of a fuel receiver above the pilot's cabin. In addition, since the planes were supposed to operate in conditions of radioactive contamination, red and white stripes were applied to the tail section near the fuel boom - the signs "Dangerous, radiation". This was a warning to the ground personnel that the plane was "dirty".
The first VKP, created in 1962, was not converted from a tanker, but specially built as such. The KC-135B (Model 717-166) was a combined tanker / VKP. There was a fuel receiver above the cockpit. At the ends of the wing on top, slightly retreating from the tips, were installed forward-directed long whip VHF antennas on small "pylons" (equipment fairings), of the same type as the one that stood at the top of the keel as standard. Above the center section there was a square radio-transparent radome for an ultra-low-frequency communication antenna, known as a "saddle antenna", as it vaguely resembled a saddle on a horse. In front of it there were two small drop-shaped fairings, in the back there was another; they contained satellite communication antennas. A drum was installed in the fairing in front of the right main landing gear, from which a towed wire antenna of ultra-low-frequency special communications with a stabilizing cone at the end was unwound. She served as a liaison with submerged submarines. After releasing the antenna, the plane began to circle; the cone, having lost speed, fell down, and the antenna hung almost vertically - only in this position could the signal pierce the water column.
In the cargo compartment of the KC-135B, an office, a communication center and a living room were equipped. At any time, at least one such aircraft was on duty with a senior officer on board to provide command of nuclear forces in the event of a nuclear strike against the United States that could disable ground command posts.
17 KC-135Bs were built as such, in October 1964, all but the last three machines were renamed EC-135C. In addition, five KC-135A late series were additionally re-equipped according to the EC-135C standard.
The last three vehicles of the original EC-135C series were redesigned to the EC-135J standard. I must say that the presence of a cargo door made it possible to relatively easily and quickly convert the "electronic" versions of the KC-135 from one modification to another, the special equipment was modular and located in the front of the cargo compartment, and the operator's workplaces were in the rear. Externally, the EC-135J differed from the original version only by seven additional whip antennas on top of the fuselage.
Initially, the KS-135J served as the aircraft of the commander-in-chief of the US Armed Forces and operated from Andrews Air Force Base (Maryland) until they were replaced in this capacity by three Boeing E-4A All-Union Communist Party. There were also options for the European and Pacific theaters.
The next step was the creation of an aircraft of this purpose, based on the wide-body Boeing-747.
In 1973, the US Air Force announced the start of work on the AABNCP (Advanced Airborne National Command Post) program, which received the code 481B. This program provided for the creation of new strategic-level aircraft-air command posts with large working rooms, which were subsequently supposed to be equipped with the latest communication and information processing equipment.
The program provided for the conversion of several civilian wide-body Boeing-747-200B airliners into VKP aircraft, designated E-4A. At different stages of work, the required number of aircraft varied from four to seven (there were plans to have three VKP KNSh and four aircraft in the role of VKP SAC), in the end, however, it was decided to build three VKP E-4A and one more aircraft - immediately in an improved variant E-4B. At the same time, it was decided to retrofit over time all the E-4A aircraft to the E-4B level. Aircraft - VKP E-4B are intended for the highest political and military leadership of the United States - the president, the secretary of defense, and other decision-makers.
It was decided that all E-4 aircraft would go to the US Chiefs of Staff and serve as a backup command post for the country's top military leadership in an emergency.
The main contractor for the development of improved electronic equipment for the E-4B aircraft was the E-Systems company. The contractors for the development and delivery of the avionics were Electrospace Systems, Collins and RCA.
Boeing in accordance with the work plan for the 481B program during 1973 - 1975. three Boeing-747-200V airliners were converted into VKP KNSh aircraft. The US Air Force assigned the following serial numbers to these aircraft: 73-1676, 73-1677, and 74-0787.
The communication and information processing equipment installed on board these aircraft was borrowed from the previous aircraft - VKP KNSH EC-135J, withdrawn from the US Air Force SAC. This equipment was protected from the effects of an electromagnetic pulse from a nuclear explosion.
The working area of the aircraft is 429.2 m2, which is approximately three times higher than that of the EC-135C aircraft.
The E-4A passenger cabin was divided into six compartments: an office for the top military leadership, two meeting rooms, a room for the KNSh task force, a communications center and a rest room. On the upper deck of the aircraft, a rest room for the flight crew was equipped.
The power plant of the first two aircraft consisted of four F105 (JT9D) turbojet engines manufactured by Pratt & Whitney, common to the Boeing 747-200B modification. The third car was equipped with new F103-GE-100 (CF6-50E2) engines manufactured by General Electric. Later, all E-4 aircraft were equipped with these engines.
The first flight of the first E-4A aircraft took place on July 13, 1973. In December of the same year, the aircraft was included in the combat composition of the 1st squadron of the All-Union Communist Party of the 1st mixed aviation wing, stationed at Andrews airbase, located near Washington. In May and September 1974, two more E-4A aircraft were added to it.
Since the beginning of 1982, in accordance with the plan, work was carried out on all E-4A aircraft to convert them to the E-4B version. The aircraft received new electronic equipment, F103-GE-100 engines (the first two aircraft) and receivers of the air refueling system. It took a year to re-equip one machine. The first E-4B aircraft, converted from the E-4A, returned to the 1st squadron of the All-Union Communist Party of the 55th Strakr in June 1983, the second in May 1984, and the third in January 1985.
The E-4B differed from the previous modification by improved radio communication equipment, new systems for processing, displaying and transmitting information, as well as the presence of a fuel receiver for the air refueling system located in the nose of the aircraft fuselage.
The presence of a refueling system made it possible for the aircraft to be continuously aloft for 72 hours.
The power plant consisted of four F103-GE-100 bypass engines developing a maximum thrust of 23.625 kgf. The takeoff weight of the aircraft is 360 tons. The maximum speed was 960 km / h. Service ceiling - 12,000 m. The flight range without refueling in the air reached 11,000 km.
The main deck is divided into six functional areas: NCA (National Command Authority) workstations, meeting room, briefing room, operator workstation, communications and rest areas. The E-4B's crew can include up to 114 people, including the operator team, the ACC flight crew, maintenance, communications and security teams. E-4s are equipped with protection against various damaging factors of nuclear weapons, including electromagnetic pulse. There is a filtration system for radioactive dust in the intake and air conditioning systems for ventilation of the cabin and compartments.
The E-4B aircraft is equipped with VHF radios AN / ARC-89 (V), AN / ARC-150, AN / ARC-164 (V), AN / ARC-196 and AN / ARC-513. In addition, there is an AN / ARC-58 shortwave station on board and equipment for a backup VLF communication system with a 200 kW transmitter, using a towed antenna about 8 km long.
The air command post has radio stations for VHF satellite communication systems AFSATC0M and MILSTAR, as well as an AN / ASC-24 radio station for microwave satellite communication. The latter is intended for operation in the strategic multichannel satellite communication systems DSCS-2 and DSCS-3. It provides the transmission of voice, telegraph messages and data in digital form. The radio frequency range used is 7 - 8 GHz. Transmitter power - 11 kW. The parabolic antenna of the AN / ASC-24 radio station with a diameter of 91 cm is installed under the fairing in the upper part of the aircraft fuselage.
On board the VKP E-4V, terminal devices for displaying the missile attack warning system are installed. The aircraft is also equipped with the ALCS ICBM launch control system equipment. The presence of this equipment makes it possible to launch intercontinental ballistic missiles, as well as to retarget them directly from the aircraft, bypassing intermediate control points. Like the aircraft, VKP of the previous generation EC-135S, E-4B is equipped with AN / ASQ-121 HARDS equipment.
1982 - 1985 three previously manufactured E-4A aircraft were converted into the E-4B version. One of the four aircraft, VKP KNSH, is on constant combat duty at Andrews airbase in a state of 15-minute readiness for takeoff.
The call sign of the board attendant is "Nightwatch". The number of the operational group on board the aircraft when it is on alert on the ground is 30 people. The total capacity of the aircraft is 114 people.
In addition to carrying out combat duty on the ground, E-4 aircraft are involved in escorting the aircraft of the President of the United States during the latter's long flights. While the President of the United States is abroad, one of the air command posts is based at a nearby American airbase. In all these cases, the crew of the VKP aircraft is tasked with maintaining constant communication between the president and the command centers of the US armed forces, ensuring, if necessary, through the operational group of the Joint Staff of the Joint Chiefs of Staff on board the air command post, the president's orders are communicated to all necessary command and control bodies of the armed forces.
Satellite image of Google Earh: VKP E-4B, at Andrews airbase
Currently, all four E-4B aircraft continue to be in service with the US Air Force. They are part of the 1st Squadron of the All-Union Communist Party of the 55th Aviation Wing of the 8th Air Army of the US Air Force Combat Aviation Command. In connection with the decrease in the level of military danger after the end of the Cold War, the combat readiness of the aircraft fleet - the All-Union Communist Party of the Chiefs of Staff of the US Armed Forces was reduced to a certain extent. The range of tasks solved by these aircraft has expanded. Since 1994E-4B, now called NAOC (National Airborne Operations Center) in the United States, are used, in addition to their main purpose, as mobile control points for the operational teams of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), providing the work of these groups (on the ground) directly in peacetime emergency zones. In addition, these aircraft are often deployed in mission-critical missions for the United States Department of Defense.
In January 2006. Donald Rumsfield announced that the entire E-4B fleet will be phased out. They can be replaced with two Boeing C-32s, upgraded to the level of the US President's All-Union Communist Party in the event of nuclear war, natural disasters and unrest.
LTH:
Modification E-4A
Wingspan, m 59.64
Aircraft length, m 70.51
Aircraft height, m 19.33
Wing area, m2 510.95
Weight, kg empty
equipped aircraft 148069
maximum takeoff 364552
Internal fuel, kg 150395
Engine type 4 turbofan General Electric F103-GE-102 (CF6-80C2B1)
Traction, kgf 4 x 252.44
Maximum speed, km / h 969
Cruising speed, km / h 933
Practical range, km 12601
Flight duration, h / min
without refueling 12.0
with refueling 72.0
Practical ceiling, m 13715
Crew, people 2-4
The aircraft - VKP E-6B, simultaneously performing the functions of the Looking Glass (ABNCP) and TACAMO programs, are intended for the highest officers of the US armed forces - the US Strategic Command USSTRATCOM and other commands. They provide military control and communication with the strategic triad of the United States: ICBM installations, submarines with SLBMs and bombers, and the transmission to them of orders adopted by the political leadership of the United States.
In the late 80s. The US Navy has begun upgrading the TASAMO (Take Charge and Move Oul) VLW backup system. It was originally based on 16 EC-130Q repeater aircraft, combined into two air squadrons (3rd and 4th). The modernization program provided for the replacement of all EC-130Q aircraft with new E-6A aircraft, named "Hermes". These aircraft were designed by Boeing on the basis of the airframe of the Boeing-707-320C.
The first prototype aircraft of the E-6A type was built in 1983, its flight tests began in 1987 (the first flight took place on 19 February). Since 1988, the delivery of serial E-6A aircraft to the aviation units of the Navy, which previously operated the EC-130Q aircraft, began. As a result, by 1992. all old repeater aircraft were replaced by new E-6A aircraft and sent to TSOVAT for storage. Both squadrons of TASAMO relay aircraft were then relocated to Tinker Air Force Base in Oklahoma.
Satellite image of Google Earh: E-6B aircraft, at Tinker airbase
In the second half of the nineties, the American military leadership decided to withdraw from service the 55th Air Wing of the 8th Air Force UAS of the US Air Force, which remained by that time in the 7th squadron of the All-Union Communist Party of the United States Air Force, the All-Union Strategic Planes of the United Strategic Command of the US Armed Forces, the EU-135S. and the transfer of their functions to the E-6B dual-purpose aircraft, into which all sixteen E-6A repeater aircraft, already renamed Mercury by this time, were supposed to be converted.
The conversion program provided for the placement on board the E-6A of special radio equipment removed from the EC-135C aircraft. Thus, the repeater aircraft would be transformed into dual-purpose vehicles capable of performing both their previous functions within the TASAMO system and the functions of the USC air command post and the Minuteman ICBM launch control point.
Re-equipment of the E-6A aircraft was carried out by the "Rateon E-Systems" company. In the course of this work, the aircraft were dismantled: OG-127 VLF transmitter; VLF dipole antenna OE-159; a set of automation equipment for a repeater aircraft; system of transmission of voice messages; navigation system Lilton Omega LTN-211; analog-digital flight control system; antenna OE-242.
The new set of equipment installed on modified aircraft includes the following devices:
complex of automation equipment for aircraft-VKP AN / ASC-37;
equipment for automatic switching of radio communication channels AN / ASC-33 (V) DAISS;
ICBM launch control system ALCS;
VHF radio station AN / ARC-171 (V) 3;
terminal radio station of the satellite communication system M1LSTAR AN / ARC-208 (V) 2;
AFSATC0M communication system radio antenna control equipment
VLF radio station AN / ART-54, consisting of a transmitter G-187 / ART-54 and a towed dipole antenna 0E-456 / ART-54;
GPS satellite navigation system equipment, consisting of the R-2332 / AR GPS 3A navigation receiver and the AS-3822 / URN antenna unit;
digital flight control system. Upgraded flight information display system.
The avionics also includes three interface buses of the "Manchester-2" type (MIL-STD-1553B) used by SNS and VLV communication devices. In addition, these tires are designed to facilitate interfacing with electronic devices that will be installed on board aircraft in the future.
The first modernized VKP aircraft of the joint strategic command E-6B began to carry out combat duty in October 1998, replacing the previous EU-135C aircraft. By 2002, the refurbishment of all sixteen aircraft was completed. At the moment, both squadrons of E-6B aircraft are united into the 1st Strategic Communications Wing One.
The E-6B aircraft is equipped with four F108-CF-100 (CFM56-2A-2) turbojet engines manufactured by General Electric, with a maximum thrust of 9980 kgf. The maximum take-off weight of the aircraft is 155 tons. The maximum flight speed is 972 km / h.
Cruising speed at an altitude of 12000 m - 825 km / h. Service ceiling - 12810 m;
The flight altitude while on alert is 7600 - 9150 m. The aircraft's flight range without refueling in the air is 12.400 km.
Flight duration: without refueling - 16, 5 hours; with one refueling - 32.5 hours; maximum with several refueling - 72 hours. The duration of stay in the area of alert for the removal of 1850 km from the base is 10 - 11 hours. The flight crew of the aircraft - 14 people; the number of the operational group of the USC headquarters on board the aircraft is eight people.
The C-32 is a multipurpose transport aircraft created by the American company Boeing on the basis of the Boeing Model 757-200 civil airliner.
The plane is designed to transport VIPs, including the president and his entourage. The first aircraft was produced at the Boeing plant in Seattle on June 19, 1998. A total of 4 aircraft were produced. The aircraft is capable of covering the distance from Andrews airbase to the city of Frankfurt in Germany. Four Boeing 757-200s ordered by the U. S. Air Force entered the 89th Air Wing's 1st Squadron, Andrews AFB in 1998.
Satellite image of Google Earh: President's plane C-32A, at Andrews airbase
The aircraft were intended to carry out special missions - the transportation of members of the US government. The aircraft replaced the VC-9 and VC-137, complementing the shorter-range VC-25 and less spacious C-20 and C-37C. The last VC-137 was decommissioned in 1997, but the VC-9 continues to operate. The Air Force specification required the C-32A to be as unified as possible with the civilian Boeing 757, but the aircraft received a completely new cabin interior, designed to carry only 45 passengers. The newest radio communication system was installed on the C-32A
equipment with equipment for classifying negotiations, receivers of the GPS satellite navigation system, a warning system for a dangerous approach in the air. The planes are painted blue and white and bear the words "United States of America". Located near Washington, Andrews Air Force Base is ideal for VIP passengers.
In the USSR, work on the creation of similar aircraft began much later. To ensure operational control at the strategic level on the basis of the Il-86 transport aircraft, the Il-80 air command post was created in 1992 (Il-86VKP, in some sources the aircraft is designated as Il-87, an analogue of the American VKP Boeing E-4B).
The choice of the initial type of machine is due to the significant internal volumes of the IL-86 passenger cabin, sufficient to accommodate special equipment. Additional radio-electronic equipment is located in a special overhead compartment 1.5 m wide, located above the nose of the fuselage. Measures have been taken to protect the aircraft from the damaging factors of a nuclear explosion. Other design features include the absence of windows (except for the cockpit canopy), as well as a reduced number of access hatches in the Il-86 fuselage.
The onboard equipment of the Il-80 aircraft includes a satellite communication station. The aircraft is equipped with an additional turbine generator to power numerous onboard electronic systems. A total of four aircraft were built (their side numbers USSR-86146, -86147, -86148 and -86149). According to some reports, all aircraft are part of the Separate Aviation Control and Relay Squadron of the 8 Special Purpose Air Division. The aircraft are permanently based at the Chkalovsky airfield.
Satellite image of Google Earh: Il-80 aircraft at the Chkalovsky airfield
Installed equipment:
- a unified set of tools developed by the Polet enterprise - Link-2;
- short-wave receiving antenna, made as two ridges behind the center section;
- a short-wave transmitting antenna made in a radio-transparent fairing;
- a transmitting antenna of extra-long waves of the outlet type on a cable with a length of 4000 meters.
- VLW receiving antenna in front of the keel;
- a relay communication antenna is made at the top / bottom of the fuselage;
- VHF antenna is made from above / below the fuselage;
- the antenna for communication with the Strategic Missile Forces units is made from above / below the fuselage;
In 2009-10, a scheduled overhaul of the Il-86VKP (86147) was carried out, during which some changes were made to the dorsal arrangement of the antennas.
In mid-1990, the Il-86VKP (86146) made a test flight, during which it performed the launch control of the ICBM. The tests were found to be successful.
Also in mid-1991, an agreement was signed to develop a complex of means "Link-2". The cost of the contract amounted to 1.1 billion rubles. In 2005, the Il-86VKP aircraft began to perform the first intensive flights as part of the air units of the RF Armed Forces. In 2010-11, the main tests of the equipment "9A9675". Probably, this name hides a unified complex "Link-2".
All aircraft of this type are based at the Chkalovsky airfield. Since the aircraft is one of the currently not classified samples of Russian military equipment, there is very little information on the aircraft and its operation. It is known that at least one of the Il-86VKP is in full combat and technical readiness, another one is undergoing overhaul (engine repair).
LTH:
Modification of the Il-80 (Il-86VKP)
Wingspan, m 48.06
Aircraft length, m 59.54
Aircraft height, m 15.81
Wing area, m2 320.0
Weight, kg
normal takeoff 208000
Engine type 4 TVD Kuznetsov NK-86
Traction, kgf 4 x 13000
Maximum cruising speed, km / h 850
Practical range, km 3600
According to the special order of the USSR Ministry of Defense, two Il-76MD USSR-76450 and USSR-76451 were built as strategic air command posts (VKP) to guide the country's nuclear forces in the event that ground control points are disabled. The aircraft received the designation Il-82 (Il-76VKP).
Some of the equipment of these machines is unified with the Il-86VKP aircraft also built by special order, the other part with the AWACS A-50 aircraft. The aircraft have the designation Il-76VKP.
The appearance of the IL-76VKP is very characteristic - they cannot be confused with anything. The entire top of the nose of the fuselage from the cockpit to the center section is occupied by a box-shaped superstructure with satellite communications equipment, as on the Il-86VKP.
The glazing of the navigator's cockpit is sewn up with metal, and the meteorological radar is closed with a reduced fairing of a modified shape but of the A-50 type. Like the A-50, the left entrance door is absent - not a landing aircraft need it.
The fairings of the landing gear retraction mechanisms are also borrowed from the A-50 - their front parts are noticeably thickened, widened and have two round air intakes of different sizes. They house electronic equipment, so the APU was moved to the rear of the left fairing of the chassis and equipped with a protruding air intake, like on the A-50. To the left of the nose landing gear to the left landing gear fairing is a box-shaped fairing of the wiring.
On the fairing of the center section behind the wing there are four lobe antennas, on the sides of the leading edge of the keel there are two elongated fairings, as on the Il-86VKP.
On the side doors of the cargo hatch, two huge lobe antennas are installed, and on the middle there is a drum from which a towed wire antenna of ultra-low-frequency special communication with a stabilizing cone at the end unwinds. This antenna, 5 km long (!), Is used for communication with submerged submarines. The drum is located inside the fuselage, only a small fairing and a cone half-recessed in it are visible from the outside. The installation of the drum forced the lower flashing light to be transferred from the middle door of the hatch under the fuselage tip.
After releasing the antenna, the plane begins to circle. The cone, having lost speed, falls, and the five-kilometer antenna hangs almost vertically. Only in this position of the antenna can the radio signal penetrate the water column.
Finally, under the outer wing consoles, small oval containers with forward-facing VHF whip antennas are mounted on short pylons.
According to some reports, both aircraft are part of the Separate Control and Relay Air Squadron of the 8 Special Purpose Air Division. The aircraft are permanently based at the Chkalovsky airfield.
Any other information on these machines is classified. This is one of the few still not declassified samples of aviation technology.
LTH: IL-82 modification
Wingspan, m 50.50
Aircraft length, m 46.59
Aircraft height, m 14.76
Wing area, m2 300.00
Weight, kg
normal takeoff 190,000
Engine type 4 turbojet engine D-30KP
Traction, kgf 4 x 12000
Maximum
cruising speed, km / h 780
Practical range, km 6800
Practical ceiling, m 12000
Until 1956, the top leaders of the USSR flew on military aircraft piloted by Air Force officers. This tradition was interrupted on April 13, 1956: by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR N496-295C, the USSR Ministry of Defense was released from the obligation to transport the country's top officials.
In Soviet times, a special flight detachment was entrusted with the responsibility of transporting not only the top leadership of the party and government of the USSR, but also the heads and public figures of countries friendly to the USSR. From 1959 to 2009, the airline also carried out regular and charter commercial passenger air transportation in the USSR (Russia) and abroad in order to provide flight crews.
With the collapse of the USSR, changes took place in the air fleet of its leaders. In 1993, the Separate Aviation Detachment No. 235 was transformed into the "State Transport Company" Russia ".
In October 2006, Pulkovo Airlines was added to the Rossiya State Customs Committee. The united airline began to operate flights under the flag of the State Transport Company “Russia”, and the name of the airline was changed to the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “State Transport Company“Russia”.
On January 31, 2009, the squadron was withdrawn from the State Customs Committee "Russia" and belongs to the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation, carrying only a limited number of persons determined by the order of the President of the Russian Federation.
In 1995, board number 1 Il-62, inherited by B. N. Yeltsin inherited from M. S. Gorbachev, was replaced by the newest Il-96-300PU (PU - control point), equipped by the Swiss company Jet Aviation. With the arrival of V. V. Putin in the squadron appeared the second such aircraft, equipped in Russia, but under the supervision and technology of the British company "Dimonite Aircraft Furnishings".
A special version of the Il-96-300, designed for the transportation of the President of Russia. There are practically no differences in flight performance from the basic version, except for an increased range due to some improvements. The Il-96-300PU differed from the civilian versions of the "ninety-sixths" in its increased flight range and, according to unofficial data, in the presence of optoelectronic jamming stations for missile homing heads.
The aircraft is equipped with equipment that allows you to control the armed forces in the event of a nuclear conflict. Externally, the aircraft also does not differ from the base version, with the exception of a characteristic groove in the upper part of the fuselage.
At the moment, the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation has at its disposal four Il-96-300s of various modifications.
The first person of the state has at his fingertips everything necessary to govern a huge country: computers and office equipment, satellite communication systems, special communication channels.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF IL-96:
Engines 4xPS-90A
Engine thrust, kgf 4x16, 000
Maximum number of passengers 300
Maximum payload, kg 40,000
Flight range with a payload of 30,000 kg at an altitude of 9,000 - 12,000 m at a speed of 850 km / h and a fuel reserve, 10,000 km
Cruising flight speed, km / h 850-900
Flight altitude, m 10000-12000
Required take-off distance, m 2700
Required landing distance, m 2000
Weight of equipped aircraft, kg 119000
Takeoff weight, kg 240,000
DIMENSIONS
Wingspan, m 57, 66
Aircraft length, m 55, 35
Aircraft height, m 17, 57
The total cost of the IL-96-300PU wide-body aircraft, which is considered the most expensive of domestic airliners, reaches $ 300 million in mid-2000s prices. The plane's cabin is two-story, with two bedrooms, showers, a meeting room, a lounge, and even an emergency room.
Prepared based on materials:
