This is the final article in a series about the losses of the USSR and Germany in the Great Patriotic War. In this final section, we will continue to consider the combat and demographic losses of Germany.
In the period from June 22, 1941 to May 9, 1945, the demographic combat losses of the armed forces of Nazi Germany and the SS troops ranged from 5,200,000 to 6,300,000 people. Of these, 360,000 died in captivity. Irrecoverable losses (including prisoners) were from 8,200,000 to 9,100,000.
It is also worth noting that for a long time, domestic sources did not take into account certain data when calculating the number of prisoners of war of the armed forces of Nazi Germany at the time of the end of military clashes in Europe.
Perhaps this was done for purely ideological reasons. Agree, the fanned myth that Europe allegedly zealously resisted fascism, a certain category of the public is pouring balm on the soul. Whereas the truth about the actual state of affairs on the European continent, when a huge number of European residents either worked for the Wehrmacht, or fought in the ranks of the Hitlerite army, is bitter and joyless. In addition, most Europeans embraced Nazism in their souls and fought for Hitler deliberately and voluntarily.
According to a note made by General Antonov and dated September 25, 1945, the Red Army captured 5,200,000 Wehrmacht soldiers. But already by August of the same year, after passing the testing and filtration measures, 600,000 were released. This category of prisoners was not sent to the NKVD camps. Among those released then were Austrians, Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Poles, etc.
It turns out that the irrecoverable losses of the Hitlerite army in the battles with the USSR in fact could have been slightly higher (we are talking about another 600,000-800,000 people).
Another way to count
There is another way of calculating the losses of the German armed forces in the Great Patriotic War. Some experts consider it correct. It is to.
In this case, we will begin to use only official information from German science.
In general, the demographic picture in Germany in 1939 was as follows. On page 700 of his book, Müller-Hillebrandt (adored by the bodyfill theory) indicates that the pre-war country had a population of 80.6 million.
It should be understood that this figure includes 6,760,000 Austrians. And also the inhabitants of the Sudetenland, who then numbered another 3,640,000 people. In total, there were 10,400,000 people.
Thus, in order to understand how many there were exclusively inhabitants of Germany at that time, it follows from the total figure to subtract the Austrians and the Sudeten Germans, respectively (80,600,000-10,400,000). In other words, (within the boundaries of 1933), according to statistics for 1939, only in Germany lived 70 200 000 human.
Then it should be remembered that in those years in the Soviet Union the natural mortality rate was high and reached 1.5% per year. But in Western Europe, this figure was significantly lower during the same period. The figures ranged from 0, 6–0, 8%. And I must say that Germany was no exception in this regard then.
As for the birth rate, in the Soviet Union, we recall, in those years, in approximately the same ratio, it exceeded the countries of Europe. That guaranteed the USSR an annual increase in residents since 1934 and throughout the pre-war period.
Population census in Germany
In the USSR, after the war, a population census was carried out. Its results have been made public. But much less is known about the fact that a similar census procedure was also organized in post-war Germany. It was carried out by the allied occupation authorities on October 29, 1946.
The German population census showed the following statistics:
Soviet occupation zone (excluding East Berlin):
male population - 7,419,000, female population - 9,914,000.
Total: 17,333,000 people.
All western zones of occupation (with the exception of West Berlin):
male population - 20 614 000, female population - 24 804 000.
Total: 45,418,000 people.
Berlin (all sectors of occupation):
male population - 1 290 000, female population - 1,890,000.
Total: 3,180,000 people.
To get the total, add up the totals of the residents of all three of the above categories. It turns out that the entire population in Germany at the time of the census was 65,931,000 people.
Now, from the aforementioned pre-war 70,200,000 people (statistics for 1939), we subtract those who lived in Germany in the post-war 1946. It turns out arithmetically (70,200,000 minus 66,000,000) that the decrease was 4,200,000 inhabitants. But not everything was so simple.
When the census was organized, it was recorded in the Soviet Union that almost 11 million children had been born since January 1941. Naturally, during the war years, the birth of babies was significantly reduced. As a percentage of the pre-war population, newborns appeared then only 1.37% annually.
In Germany, even without war, no more than 2% of children were born (of the total population). For example, in wartime, the birth rate there did not fall as sharply as in the USSR (three times in our country), but less - by about two times.
Then the natural increase in population during the war, together with the full first year after the war, was approximately equal to 5% of the pre-war number. And this is approximately 3,500,000–3,800,000 children.
It is this value that must be added to the final value that we received above, as an indicator characterizing the decline in population in Germany (decline).
It turns out a simple arithmetic operation. The sought-after decrease in the population of Germany is made up of 4,200,000 plus 3,500,000. The total is 7,700,000 people.
However, this figure is also not the final amount.
The fact is that for a complete picture, one should also subtract those who died a natural death during all the war years and in the first post-war year. And such, according to statistics, there were 2,800,000 Germans. (Please note that we took the natural mortality rate as 0.8%).
Thus, (7,700,000 minus 2,800,000) we get the total loss of German residents as a result of the war with Russia / USSR for the period from 1941 to 1946: 4,900,000 people.
This figure, in essence, is quite consistent and very close to those indicators that Müller-Hillebrandt announced as irrecoverable losses of the Reich ground forces.
Well, is it that with such a ratio (almost five million Nazis in Germany and twenty-six million Soviet citizens), the Germans have the right to accuse the Union of "piling up corpses" on the land of the Nazis?
Rather, the opposite is true. It was precisely the fascists who treacherously attacked Russia / the USSR (in my understanding, the European Nazi horde) literally strewn our native land with innocent civilians who were shot, tortured in concentration camps and killed by the Red Army. Is not it?
But these are still not the final figures of our calculations.
Let's try to complete the calculations.
Forced relocation
There is one more nuance.
It should also be borne in mind that the population of Germany itself in the post-war year (1946) increased by approximately 6,500,000 people. And some sources indicate an even higher figure. It turns out that its increase was recorded at once by 8 million people.
We are talking, of course, about forcibly displaced (evicted to Germany) persons.
By the way, according to German primary sources and data published in 1996 by the Union of the Expelled, in total, about 15 million Germans alone were “forcibly displaced”.
Thus, it is known that on the date of the 1946 census, 6,500,000 Germans were forcibly resettled to Germany only from such regions as the Sudetenland, Poznan and Upper Silesia.
There were about a million and a half more Germans who fled to Germany from Lorraine and Alsace. (No precise data available).
It turns out exactly these same 6,500,000-8,000,000 people and should be added to the true losses directly to Germany.
And this gives us completely different numbers.
To begin with, let us determine the arithmetic mean of persons of German nationality forcibly resettled to their historical homeland. There were 7,250,000 of them.
Then we add to them the decline in the German population calculated by us above. It turns out (7,250,000 plus 4,900,000) twelve million plus (12,150,000). And this figure is equal in percentage to 17, 3 (%) of the actual inhabitants of Germany in 1939.
However, this is still not the final result.
Third Reich
Let's pay attention once again to the fact that the Third Reich, which fought with the USSR, is not only Germany.
By the beginning of the war with the USSR, according to official data, the following were included in the Third Reich:
Germany - 70,200,000 people, Austria - 6,760,000 people, Sudetes - 3,640,000 people, "Baltic corridor", Poznan and Upper Silesia (captured from Poland) - 9,360,000 people, Luxembourg, Lorraine and Alsace - 2,200,000 people, Upper Carinthia (cut off from Yugoslavia).
That is, in general - 92 160 000 human.
All these regions were incorporated into the Reich at that time. And their inhabitants were drafted into the Wehrmacht.
Let us make a reservation right away that we will not include the "Imperial Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia", as well as the "General Government of Poland" in our calculations. Despite the fact that these territories also supplied recruits to the Wehrmacht, which fought with the USSR.
Moreover, one must understand that all these regions of the Reich until 1945 were controlled by the Nazis of Germany and supplied them with new fighters.
In order to finally calculate the losses of the Third Reich, we need one assumption.
We will proceed, first of all, from the fact that we are aware of the losses of Austria. And they are numbered as 300,000 people. That is 4.43% of the total population of this state for the period that we are studying.
Of course, in percentage terms, Austria's own losses were much lower than those of Germany as a whole.
However, we believe that it would not be an exaggeration to assume that other regions of the Third Reich had, in percentage terms, approximately the same human losses as Austria (4.43%).
Then we get that their losses (without Germany and without Austria) amounted to 673,000 people.
And now you can calculate the total demographic losses of the Third Reich.
12,150,000 (as we calculated above - Germany) plus 300,000 (known: Austria) plus 600,000 (other regions included in the Third Reich).
We go to 13 050 000 human.
This figure is already with a high degree of probability similar to the truth and most of all close to the real one.
This includes more 500,000-750,000 civilian deaths Reich. (By the way, just so many of the peaceful Europeans from the countries of the Third Reich perished during the entire Great Patriotic War.
Now it is necessary to subtract the dead civilians from these general demographic losses of the Third Reich. We will receive irrecoverable losses of the armed forces of the Third Reich. This is 12.3 million soldiers.
Recall that the Germans themselves, when calculating the damage in manpower of their armed forces in the East, calculate them as 70-80% of the total demographic losses on all fronts. In this case, if you follow their own logic, it turns out that directly in the battle with the USSR the Nazis lost about 9,200,000 troops irrevocably (75% of 12,300,000).
Naturally, not all of these servicemen were killed.
Therefore, an adjustment is needed.
According to reports, 2,350,000 people were released.
Died in captivity (prisoners of war) - 380,000.
Missing, but not captured (we take it as “killed” according to Russian historiography) - 700,000.
Thus, with a sufficiently high degree of probability, it can be clarified that actually killed and died from wounds and in captivity the armed forces of the Third Reich lost about 5,600,000-6,000,000 people during the campaign against the Soviet Union / Russia.
The ratio of enemy losses
Based on the obtained figures, the ratio of irrecoverable losses of the armed forces of the Soviet Union / Russia to those of the armed forces of the Third Reich (without allies) will be
1, 3:1
And the ratio of the combat losses of the Red Army (according to the Krivosheev's team) to those in the Reich army is
1, 6:1.
Baseline data for calculating total demographic losses in Germany
The population in 1939 is 70.2 million people.
Population in 1946 - 65,930,000 people.
Natural mortality is 2, 8 million people.
Natural increase (birth rate) 3.5 million people.
Emigration inflow of 7,250,000 people.
Calculation formula
Counting Algorithm
(70,200,000 minus 65,930,000 minus 2,800,000) plus 3,500,000 plus 7,250,000 equals 12,220,000.
Outcome
That is
A
Some conclusions
When writing this article, we proceeded from the assumption that all the initial data are known. They are publicly available. The numbers can be found both in books and on the internet.
Let us recall that we call the USSR Russia not by chance and deliberately.
From our point of view, the united Nazi Europe at that time was at war with Russia (as a civilization and as a country that until 1917 was called the "Russian Empire", and after 1917, it did not cease to be the same Russia at all, only for some time (in historical retrospect) changed its official name to the abbreviation - USSR).
So, there is a lot of information. But they are located on various resources and need at least systematization. And those that are placed in the special literature, among other things, also need a kind of accessible presentation.
In addition, in our purely personal opinion, there is no one hundred percent trust in many sources. Since both sides underestimated their own losses, and the losses of the enemies overestimated. Both that, and another - were distorted by about two or three times. In addition, many authors openly speculated with facts and figures, parasitizing on the topic of war. And some of the liberals today, in general, use fake tricks with numbers to deliberately distort and rewrite our history. Moreover, the oppositionists do not hide their admiration for the West and are replicating the versions of Hitler's failed campaign to the East that Europe needs.
It cannot be accepted that some authors cling to German sources, exaggerating and idealizing their reliability. But, the German historians themselves admit that their German statistics of those years is far from the truth.
Irrecoverable losses of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union / Russia in the Great Patriotic War amounted to 11,500,000-12,000,000 people irrevocably.
The actual combat demographic losses of the USSR / Russia - 8,700,000-9,300,000 people.
The losses of the Wehrmacht and the Waffen SS on the Eastern Front are estimated at 8,000,000-8,900,000 irrevocably. Of these, purely combat demographic - 5 200 00-6 100 000 (including those who died in captivity) people.
Among the purely German losses of the armed forces on the Eastern Front, the losses of the regional countries that were part of the Third Reich at that time should also be counted. That is, 850,000 people were killed (with those who died in captivity). And also 600,000 prisoners.
The total losses of Germany are then calculated in the interval with a minimum value of 9,050,000 and a maximum of 12,000,000 people.
And here a natural question should be asked:
“Well, where is the replicated“filling Germany with corpses”?
What is constantly being trumpeted in the West? Yes, and in Russia they sing about this no less on the pages of opposition publications?
55 % – 23 %
This is the percentage of POWs killed (Russia – Germany).
In the dungeons of the enemy camps, at least 55% of Soviet prisoners of war died (even according to the mildest estimates).
Whereas the German prisoners, by the largest standards, died, then no more than 23%.
Is it possible that such a difference in the dead is the result of the inhuman conditions in which the Nazis kept our prisoners?
Official version of losses 2020
And now about the official figures.
In 2020, the Federal State Statistics Service released a jubilee statistical collection for the 75th anniversary of Victory , which contains official data on human losses, as the USSR / Russia and Germany. Moreover, this collection contains information updated on the basis of the latest research by German and Russian scientists.
In particular, in the section "Losses of the armed forces" on page 273 of this document, there is a table "The ratio of the number of irrecoverable losses of the armed forces of Germany, its allies and the Red Army with the allies on the Soviet-German front from June 22, 1941 to May 9, 1945. ". From this table, we present the following official data (updated for 2020).
Irrecoverable losses accounted for in the course of the war in an operational manner on an accrual basis:
(troops of Hungary, Italy, Romania, Finland, Slovakia):
Germany - 8 876 300 (85.8%).
Allies of Germany - 1,468,200 (14.2%).
Total - 10 344 500 (100%).
(troops of Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia):
USSR - 11 444 100 (99.3%).
Allies of the USSR - 76,100 (0.7%)
Total - 11 520 200 (100%)
Germany: Russia Ratio
1:1, 1
Demographic losses (excluding those who returned from captivity, as well as recruited into the troops)
(troops of Hungary, Italy, Romania, Finland, Slovakia):
Germany - 5,965,900 (88.1%).
Allies of Germany - 806,000 (11.9%).
Total - 6,771,900 (100%).
(troops of Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia):
USSR - 8 668 400 (99.1%).
Allies of the USSR - 76,100 (0.9%).
Total - 8 744 500 (100%).
Germany: Russia Ratio
1:1, 29
Genocide of the Slavic civilian population
But now, about the deliberate extermination by the Nazis of our civilian population in the USSR / Russia, it should be said separately.
According to the data of the Federal State Statistics Service updated for 2020 the Nazis killed 13 684 692 civilians during the Nazi occupation of the western territories of the USSR.
What is this if not the genocide of the Slavic people?
These 13, 7 million civilians of the Soviet Union, deliberately exterminated in the territory temporarily occupied by the Germans (intentionally destroyed by the Slavs), according to official data, consisted of three categories:
deliberately exterminated - 7 420 379 human,
killed in forced labor in Germany - 2 164 313 people (of the total number of all stolen 5,269,513 people),
those who died from the harsh conditions of the occupation regime (hunger, infectious diseases, lack of medical care, etc.) - 4 100 000 human.
Pay attention to the ethnic composition of these 7,420,379 (broken down by republics) peaceful Slavs, intentionally exterminated at their place of residence:
RSFSR – 1 800 000,
Ukrainian SSR - 3 256 000,
Belarusian SSR - 1 547 000,
Lithuanian SSR - 370,000, Latvian SSR - 313 798 (including 100,000 inhabitants of Lithuania), Estonian SSR - 61,307, Moldavian SSR - 64 246, Karelo-Finnish SSR - 8028.
So what happens? Ordinary people (in total, this is 13 684 692) of our country, the Nazis killed even 2 240 592 people more than military personnel armed forces of the USSR (the official irrecoverable losses of 11 444 100 of our soldiers and officers)?
That is, it should be finally recognized and declared that this it was the Germans who filled our homeland with a sea of corpses? And certainly not the other way around.
Even according to overestimated estimates, the number of victims of the civilian population in Germany and the entire Reich is estimated at 3,200,000 people. Then how the Germans, it turns out, exterminated Soviet civilians with impunity by at least 10, 5 million more?
The ratio of the civilian population killed in Germany and in the USSR is as follows (according to the most inflated estimates of the Germans):
3 200 000: 13 684 692
1:4, 28
And since people are not counted in halves, it would be more correct and ethical to write it down like this:
1:5
Based on such a disproportionate picture, a completely reasonable question arises:
"The Nazis and their European allies, it turns out, planned and cold-bloodedly carried out the genocide of 13, 7 million civilians of the predominant Slavic nation?"
But now let's remember our calculations. After all, real figures show that (we repeat) in fact only 500,000-750,000 civilians died in the regions of the Reich (including Germany). The arithmetic mean between these extreme limits is 625,000 people.
And then the picture is even more eloquent.
The real ratio of the dead civilians in the European Reich and in the USSR in 1941-1945. looks like that:
625 000: 13 684 692
1:22
Gentlemen, Europeans! Yes, this is genocide! For one dead German civilian, there are 22 killed peaceful Slavs ?!
Moreover, this is still nowhere and not a recorded genocide. Not in a single document. Not in a single act. Not in any chronicle. Not in a single chronicle. Nowhere in history. Nowhere.
But it really was a massacre of the Slavs, in the truest sense of the word. Thirteen million lives, including children! Where are we, Slavayan brothers? Why are we silent about this? That Hitler managed to slaughter 13 million Slavs? Peaceful, innocent, unarmed?
But the Jews rallied after all? And in honor of their 1–2 million murdered fellows, they created a gigantic and well-functioning memory industry called the "Holocaust of the Jews." With museums and memorials, with books, poems and films …
But our relatives (and this is 13 million unarmed brothers and Slavs destroyed by European fascism in our native land), it turns out, they are still just waiting for our memorials, memorable lists, poems, books and films about this unprecedented cruelty in the history of Russia genocide of the Slavs!
Take a look at another ratio of numbers.
Here is how, for example, the ratio of the irrecoverable losses of the armed forces of Germany itself to the number of peaceful unarmed Soviet population destroyed by the Germans looks like:
8 876 300: 13 684 692
1:1, 54
It turns out that every Hitlerite (killed) took the life of at least civilians in the USSR? And this is in addition to the soldiers of the Soviet Union who died on the battlefield.
At the same time, those eight million Fritzes perished on the battlefields. Under the full might of Soviet weapons. And the 13 million peaceful and unarmed Slavs? Their Euroord Nazis killed more than one and a half times more than the Wehrmacht soldiers were killed! Why are we silent about this?
All fascists (and Germans and their European allies) were killed 10 million. And our peaceful unarmed people - thirteen million. And just because there was an anti-Slavic trend in the ideology of Europe in those years?
What is this, in fact, if not a real genocide of peaceful unarmed Slavic citizens?
We add that German society today does not deny the Holocaust of the Jews. However, German, and even more so European society, still does not perceive the "Slavic" Holocaust as a fact and does not recognize the genocide of the Slavs as such. Neither officially nor publicly.
This organized mass extermination of the USSR Slavs by the fascists as a monstrous crime against the Slavic peoples in Europe for some reason prefer to "modestly" keep silent. Moreover, this is not spoken about not only in the West, but also in our country.
The evasion of our intelligentsia and the so-called "stars": scientists, researchers, poets, writers, actors, politicians, artists and other celebrities from a public discussion of this topic, from my point of view, is shameful. And not worthy of the memory of all the fallen unarmed citizens of the USSR from the monsters-fascists in that Great Patriotic War.
We sacredly honor the memory of the Red Army soldiers who died in the struggle against fascism. We erect monuments to them. Installing obelisks. We write books about them and make films. Even missing soldiers can now be found, thanks to the declassified archives of TsAMO and open access to the database of all the fighters participating in the war.
But for some reason we have a different attitude to the civilians killed for no reason - victims of the genocide of the Slavs in 1941-1945. There is still no way to find relatives destroyed by the Nazis. They have no graves. There are no commemorative plaques. There are no memory books. In general, there is still no such page in the history of our country as the genocide of the Slavs in 1941-1945.
Why?
Why is it still not accepted to speak openly about the phenomenon of the "Slavic Holocaust" in 1941-1945 as an unprecedented genocide of the Slavic people, carried out by the European Nazi horde? And neither from the high tribunes, nor from the pages of publications, not only in the world, but even here in Russia, this deliberate and purposeful genocide of the Slavic peoples (41-45) is still not resolved either to recognize or condemn.
I think this is blasphemous and unfair.
This is important to pass on to our descendants.so that such a crime against humanity will never happen again.
It is necessary to realize this for us, alive … To write this crime forever in the history of mankind as a "massacre of 13 million Slavs" or as a "Slavic Holocaust."And in order to restore their names and begin to sacredly honor the memory of all then untimely perished.
And finally they need it … Those 13, 7 million ordinary nameless Slavs, whom the fascist united Europe in just four years (from 1941 to 1945) mowed, killed, tortured and shot.
Indeed, until the truth about this mass atrocity committed by the collective West becomes generally recognized as the "genocide of 13 million Slavs", for all of them (then innocent civilians of the Soviet Union), the Great Patriotic War will still remain unfinished.
