History 2024, November

The plan of Novgorod, reconstructed according to the "inventory of 1675" Swedish project As soon as the spring thaw ended, the Swedes continued their offensive and on June 2, 1611 reached the city on the Volkhov. The Swedish army numbered over 4 thousand soldiers and stood at the Khutynsky monastery. Four days later to the tent

An epic myth about oil The article "It's bad with bread - give 3 million tons of oil above the plan" has just been published on VO: how the oil of Western Siberia buried the Soviet Union. It addressed the problem of oil, which destroyed the USSR. In turn, in contrast to this view, I would like to show that the myth of

Jurchen In the 20s. X century the state of the Khitan, Liao, captured part of the Jurchen tribes and settled them in the area of Liaoyang, calling them "submissive", but two tribes, led by Hanpu and Baoholi from the Shi family, left the Khitan, some to the northwest, others to northeast. NuzhenJurchen

Siege of Novgorod in 1611, painting by Johan Hammer The general situation In 1609, Tsar Vasily Shuisky concluded a military alliance with Sweden. The Swedes promised military assistance in the fight against Russian and Lithuanian "thieves" in exchange for cash payments and the Korela fortress with the district. In 1609-1610. Jakob's Swedish Corps

Battle of Berestets. Hood. A. Orlionov 370 years ago, the Battle of Berestets took place. One of the biggest battles of the 17th century, in which, according to various estimates, from 160 to 360 thousand people took part. The Polish-Lithuanian army under the command of King Casimir defeated the Cossacks and Crimeans of Bohdan Khmelnitsky

Gustav II Adolf at the head of the Smallland cavalry regiment at the Battle of LützenIn this article we will continue the story about the Swedish king Gustav II Adolf. Let's talk about his participation in the Thirty Years War, triumph and glory, and the tragic death at the Battle of Lützen

When it comes to the great Swedish kings and commanders, Charles XII is first of all remembered. However, if we evaluate the activities of this king objectively and impartially, it will inevitably have to be said that he was simply useless as the head of state, strategist, and diplomat. Without denying it

They will talk about that war, probably forever, and thank God more and more often they do not speak, but spread documents, so I found a whole array of documents in LiveJournal, which is interesting - without any comments, and if you look at them in chronological order, you get an interesting result … About the plans of the Second Squadron

It is no secret that the science of history sometimes turns into a kind of political instrument. And therefore, sometimes, through strange social manipulations, the significance of important historical episodes is significantly underestimated and even leveled out. Conversely, experienced social engineers are capable of

Sebastian Bourdon. Portrait of Queen Christina on horseback As we remember from previous articles ("The Northern Lion" Gustav II Adolf and the Triumph and death of the "Lion of the North"), November 25, 1620 King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden married Princess Maria Eleanor of Brandenburg. Future "Northern Lion"

Belarusian Filipp About Mazepa's ally, the oath-breaker Orlik, they write a lot in Ukraine. From his agreement with Sweden, they make an icon and almost an example of the world's first democracy and the rule of law. Orlik himself would probably faint if he found out what was wrapped around his name and his

There is such a well-known historical concept as "Pyrrhic victory". This is, if in Russian, “the game is not worth the candle,” that is, the costs and losses incurred do not compensate for the advantages obtained with such a victory, and a victory in a battle can lead to a defeat in the campaign

Farewell to the convoy. Artist Pavel RyzhenkoLiquid the institution of the monarchy, the Februaryist revolutionaries themselves launched the mechanism for the destruction of Russia. After all, only autocracy and held back the Russian Empire from collapse. The sacredness of the Russian autocracy The overwhelming majority of social, political

The islands of Hispaniola (Haiti), Tortuga, Jamaica are not the largest in the world (especially Tortuga). However, their names are known even to people living thousands of kilometers away, on the other side of the earth. They owe their popularity to pirates and privateers-privateers, who felt so at ease on

From emperor to colonel It is necessary to start with the laws: The power of management in all its scope belongs to the Sovereign Emperor in the limits of the entire State of Russia. In the administration of the supreme, His power acts directly; in dulakh the same management of the subordinate a certain degree of power

The case at BabadagThe successful actions of the Russians beyond the Danube (the defeat of the Turkish army at Machin and Brailov) alarmed the new vizier Yusuf Pasha. Wishing to make up for the unfavorable impression made on the Sultan by the loss of Machin and the defeat at Brailov, the vizier decided to concentrate large forces at Machin and give

Over the more than a century of modern submarine warfare, submarines have repeatedly collided with each other and often engaged in battle. At the same time, during all this time, there was only one successful battle, when both boats were underwater

Anapa. Russian gates General situation After the successful actions of the detachments of Golitsyn and Kutuzov, the Danube flotilla of Ribas, the high Russian command decided to continue the offensive on land and at sea in order to finally break the stubbornness of the Port and force her to accept peace. Therefore, the Caucasian corps of the general

Prince Nikolai Vasilievich Repnin (1734-1801). Hood. D. Levitsky 230 years ago, the last major battle of the Russo-Turkish war of 1787–1791 took place. The Russian army under the command of Prince Repnin defeated the Turkish troops in the area of the city of Machin, on the right bank of the Danube

“So they killed our Ferdinand,” his maid said to Schweik. A few years ago, after the medical commission recognized him as an idiot, the seamstress left military service. Schweik asked. “I know two Ferdinands. One is employed by the pharmacist Prusha. Somehow

Founder of the Song Tai Tzu Dynasty. Source: Yin Shilin, Zhang Jianguo "China - 5000 Years of History." SPB, 2008. This article opens a small series about the events in the Far East during the period associated with the Mongol conquests. And more specifically - about the events on the lands of modern China. Introduction Problem

Each fleet has its own traditions. The British, who are probably the best sailors in the world, generally believe that the basis of the fleet is tradition. Well, excluding Churchill, with his famous remark about "rum, whip and sodomy." The Russian Imperial Navy also had traditions. And we, alas, left these traditions with

Lloyd George signs a peace treaty with Germany If you look at the map of the Western Front of World War I, you can easily come to the conclusion that even in 1918 the situation in Germany was not at all bad. The fighting at that time was fought in France, and even on the eve of the surrender of the German

Portrait by Stephen van der Meulen (1543–1563), painted between 1560 and 1569. It depicts an Irish aristocrat and peer, 10th Earl of Ormond, 3rd Earl of Ossori and 2nd Viscount Turles, (1531-1614), wearing three-quarter Greenwich armor and holding a rider's wheel pistol. National Gallery

Each decent fleet has traditions - the British, according to rumors, are Nothing but rum, sodomy, prayers and the lash, but we do not rely on technology, but on the daring of the sailors and the courage of gentlemen / comrade officers. No, in these times, when the sail reigned, our fleet had and

Crossing the river. Vistula, 1944 On the other side of the Vistula, Warsaw burned for six weeks. It was not only a city where Poles fought and died. This was the capital of my country. There was only one decision I could make, and I made it without hesitation. I gave the order to go on the offensive across the Vistula to help

Funeral of the victims 75 years ago, on July 4, 1946, the largest post-war Jewish pogrom in Europe took place in the Polish city of Kielce. This led to the fact that the Jews who remained in the country after the war left Poland. The National Question Pre-war Poland was a multinational state

Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. Xi Xia Empire. Hara Hota. PRC. GE. Russia In the previous article, we dwelt on the events associated with the death of the Khitan Liao nomadic empire, defeated by the Jurchen Tungus tribal alliance, which created the Jin empire

We must start with the commanders of the Pacific Fleet - such a position was received alternately by Makarov, Skrydlov and Birilev. The first - died, the second … NI Skrydlov Nikolai Illarionovich Skrydlov is a controversial figure. He didn't make it to Port Arthur, that's a fact. He did not want to break through, this is also a fact. But

Monument to Cecil Rhodes in Kimberley Today we will continue the story started in the article Cecil Rhodes: the real, but "wrong" hero of Britain and South Africa. Rhodes' fate can rightfully be called amazing and even astounding. Since childhood, the son of a provincial

In the article "On the quality of shooting of the Russian squadron in the Tsushima battle" I tried to squeeze the maximum out of the available statistical data, and came to the following conclusions: 1st Pacific Squadron

Let us determine how it would be correct to conduct zeroing in the battles of the Russo-Japanese War. In this case, we will consider a duel situation, that is, a one-on-one battle, without concentrating fire from several ships at one target. As you know, after the Battle of Tsushima, guns for many years ruled the ball at sea

Monuments are different. In the city of Figeac in the south of France, a monument to him became … this copy of the Rosetta stone, made by the American sculptor Joseph KossuthHistory of great civilizations. Our last material about deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs, we ended with the fact that Jean-François

The Russo-Japanese and the first revolution died down, the fleet became calmer, including due to the reduction of this very fleet to values, rather, nominal for the level of a superpower, a period of calm began. A new fleet was being built, including four Baltic giants - dreadnoughts of the type

Zhanbek Akatovich Eleusov left for the war in February 1943, and accomplished the feat in September 1943. It was a time of serious strength tests, perhaps the main ones in the fate of this hero. But no matter how difficult it was, it was then that what brought him fame and glorified for life happened

And here is the complete (and very simple in design!) Armor by the master Anton Peffenhauser (1525–1603). As you can see, there were at that time those who preferred the usual functional protection to rich decor … Wallace Collection, London Military history of countries and peoples. Mercenaries and adventurism were popular

“On June 22, 1941 … the border guards were the first to stand in the way of the cruel enemy. Their heroism, courage and fortitude will forever remain in the memory of the people, they will serve as a high moral guideline for young generations. "

Veliky NovgorodIn the middle of the 15th century, the Novgorod Republic was on the decline. The former remnants of people's democracy are a thing of the past. Everything was ruled by the boyar (oligarchic) Council of Lords. All decisions of the veche were prepared in advance by the "gentlemen". This led to a conflict between the social elite (boyars, higher

Russian scouts, 1915 They say that an organization whose goals are not clear to people for a long time cannot exist. Scouts have existed for more than a hundred years … Whoever goes where, but we only go straight Through the darkness to the light of the fire. Farewell Dad, Farewell Mom, Farewell to little sister. The flame flares up All over the earth, And

China. Source: Yin Shilin, Zhang Jiangyo China 5000 years of history. SPB., 2008 Three empires In the previous article, we dwelt on the fact that the actual state of the Chinese, headed by the Song dynasty, faced a new situation in the north, when neighboring ethnic groups did not just raid