Developed at the end of the Second World War by S. G. Simonov, the creator of the 7, 62-mm automatic self-loading rifle ABC mod. 1936 and 14, 5-mm self-loading anti-tank rifle PTRS arr. 1941 After the final revision and elimination of all the shortcomings identified during all kinds of tests, the weapon was put into service in 1949 under the name 7, 62-mm self-loading carbine Simonov system arr. 1945 SKS-45.
The SCS automatics operates due to the removal of powder gases through a side hole in the barrel wall. The barrel bore is locked by tilting the bolt downward. The leading link of the automation is the bolt stem. He perceives the effect of powder gases through a piston with a rod and a spring-loaded pusher, made as separate parts and not taking part in further movement.
This improves the smooth operation of the automation. When rolling back, the bolt stem raises the rear part of the bolt, disengaging it from the receiver, with the reverse movement, it helps to lock the barrel bore. The return mechanism is located in the channel of the bolt stem. The reloading handle is located on the right and is made integral with the bolt stem.
The trigger assembly is assembled as a separate unit based on the trigger guard. The hammer percussion mechanism, with a helical mainspring. The trigger provides only single fire. The safety catch, located at the rear of the trigger guard, locks the trigger. To prevent a shot when the barrel is not completely locked, a self-timer is introduced.
The carbine has an integral 10-round magazine with a staggered arrangement. To equip the magazine, grooves for the clip are made from the plate holder in the front of the bolt, and the receiver cover opens the upper part of the bolt stem. The sight is a sector one, with a middle position of the aiming pad, and front sight with a guard is at the muzzle on a straight stand. The sight is designed for a firing range of up to 1000 m. The carbine has a solid wooden stock with a "pistol" neck protrusion; the barrel pad is firmly connected to the gas outlet pipe.
For hand-to-hand combat, there is an integral-folding bayonet, fixed with a latch with a helical spring. In the first batches, it was a needle bayonet (by analogy with a magazine carbine arr. 1944), soon replaced by a blade mod.2, this model became the main one.
The SKS carbine was put into service in 22 countries, in some of them it is being produced. The carbine is in service with the armies of the states of the former Warsaw Pact, Egypt (under the name "Rashid"), China (under the designation Type 56), North Korea (Type 63), as well as in a modernized version in the former Yugoslavia (M59 / 66 was adapted for shooting rifle grenades). In the early 1950s, the carbine entered service with some units of the Polish army, under the name ksS (short for karabinek samopowtarzalny Simonowa, that is, Simonov's self-loading carbine). Until now, it is used mainly by the honor guard companies of the Polish Armed Forces. The Simonov carbine is known practically on all continents of the world, including the United States. According to some reports, more than 1.5 million Americans have SCS. This allowed a number of companies to carry out all kinds of modernization of the SCS.
Caliber 7.62 mm
Cartridge 7, 62 × 39 mm (model 1943)
Weight without magazine 3, 75 kg
Weight with loaded magazine 3, 9 kg
Length with bayonet 1260 mm
Length without bayonet 1020 mm
Barrel length 520 mm
Rifling 4 (right-handed)
step 240 mm
Muzzle velocity 735 m / s
Muzzle energy 2133 J
Fire mode is single.
Rate of fire 35-40 / m
Magazine capacity 10 rounds
Sighting range 1000 m
