History

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Part 7. Tesovskiy incident and battle on Omovzha

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Part 7. Tesovskiy incident and battle on Omovzha

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

On June 10, 1233, the eldest son of Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, the young prince Fyodor, died in Novgorod. He died unexpectedly, on the eve of his own wedding with the daughter of Mikhail of Chernigov, Theodulia, “the matchmaker is attached, honey is boiled, the bride is brought in, the princes are called; and go into joyful place to cry and lament for sins

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 6. The fight against Chernigov and "Borisov's child"

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 6. The fight against Chernigov and "Borisov's child"

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The next stage of the struggle for the Novgorod princely table Yaroslav Vsevolodovich began immediately, having received information about the reign of Mikhail Chernigovsky in Novgorod. With his squad, he occupied Volok Lamsky (present-day Volokolamsk, Moscow region) - a city that, as researchers believe, was in a joint

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 10. Results of the invasion. Yaroslav and Batu

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 10. Results of the invasion. Yaroslav and Batu

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Having received at the end of 1242 a call to Khan Bat at the Mongol headquarters, then located on the Volga, Yaroslav Vsevolodovich faced a choice: to go or not to go. Of course, he understood how much depends on this choice, and tried to predict the consequences of one or another of his decisions

How did they know everything? Mongol intelligence on the eve of the invasion of Russia

How did they know everything? Mongol intelligence on the eve of the invasion of Russia

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Enlightened sovereigns and wise generals moved and won, performed feats, surpassing all others because they knew everything in advance. Sun Tzu, "The Art of War" (no later than IV century BC) Mongol Empire The phenomenon of this state is so unusual, grandiose and large-scale, which is difficult

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 8. The battle at Dubrovna. Proknyazhenie in Kiev

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 8. The battle at Dubrovna. Proknyazhenie in Kiev

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

After the victory at Omovzha in the spring of 1234, Yaroslav did not go to Pereyaslavl, but remained in Novgorod and, as it turned out, not in vain. In summer, Lithuania attacked Rusa (present-day Staraya Russa, Novgorod region) - one of the nearest suburbs of Novgorod. Lithuania attacked suddenly, but Rushans managed to give

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 9. Invasion

Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich. Part 9. Invasion

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

It cannot be said that the appearance of the Mongols on the borders of Russia was unexpected. After the defeat at Kalka in 1223, information about Mongol affairs periodically appears in the Russian chronicles. The defeat of the Volga Bulgaria in 1236, an eternal rival and political enemy, finally put Russia in front of

Rurik Novgorodsky and Rorik Friesland

Rurik Novgorodsky and Rorik Friesland

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Rurik. It would be surprising if, as part of the study of Rurik's personality in the light of his Norman origin, researchers did not attempt to establish his identity with any historically reliable character of that time. Oddly enough, but the only worthy candidate for the role

Methods of settling political scores in the Rurik family. Part 1

Methods of settling political scores in the Rurik family. Part 1

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Recently, Voennoye Obozreniye published an article by a respected author on a similar topic, however, it seems to me, it formed a somewhat distorted idea among readers of how members of the ruling dynasty of the ancient Russian state settled political scores with each other. Many readers

Did Rurik really exist?

Did Rurik really exist?

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

"It was not Rurik who made the ancient Russian state great. On the contrary, this ancient Russian state made his name, otherwise forgotten, in history." Recently, in historical science, it has become increasingly popular

Methods of settling political scores in the Rurik family. Part 2

Methods of settling political scores in the Rurik family. Part 2

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The next case that may interest us in the framework of this study is the capture and blindness of Prince Vasilko Rostislavich Terebovlsky. Vasilko Terebovlsky was the younger brother of the aforementioned Rurik Peremyshl and Volodar Zvenigorodsky. All three princes by virtue of dynastic

The hunt for the "Blackbird"

The hunt for the "Blackbird"

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

A Necessary Foreword A Winged Robot versus an Air Defense System Recently, I, the author of the memoir "Seven Thirty-seventh Fighter," was contacted by a person via the website. I didn't pay much attention to his first letter. He answered, of course, but that's all. Not a fellow soldier, they did not serve together

Have you seen a falcon here? Generic signs of Rurikovich

Have you seen a falcon here? Generic signs of Rurikovich

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous article, we examined in detail and criticized the thesis about the possible Slavic origin of the name "Rurik". In this article, we will consider the statement that the Rurikovichs used as their generic (some even use the word "heraldic") symbol, namely the "sign of the falcon"

My grandfather's front letters (part 1)

My grandfather's front letters (part 1)

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

My grandfather, an engineer-inventor Vasily Mikhailovich Maksimenko, was a particularly valuable specialist and, in fact, should not have gone to fight. But at the beginning of the war, he said something about Stalin, someone denounced him, and his grandfather was immediately sent to the front as a foreman of a mortar crew (although in terms of his engineering and

What did the intelligence report? War at dawn on June 22 was not expected

What did the intelligence report? War at dawn on June 22 was not expected

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Various publications on intelligence materials In many publications devoted to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, intelligence materials (RM) are considered very superficially. With such a consideration of the RM, the wrong conclusion is made that the intelligence reported everything accurately and in great detail

Is the General Staff guilty of communication problems on June 22, 1941?

Is the General Staff guilty of communication problems on June 22, 1941?

Last modified: 2025-06-01 06:06

The opinion of individual readers and the opinion of the author Recently, the last part on the deployment of the field command of the Southern Front was published. Pointing out the problems with the signal troops, the author named the General Staff as one of the culprits of this:

Creation of the Southern Front and events in the Moscow Military District

Creation of the Southern Front and events in the Moscow Military District

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous parts (part 1 and part 2), documents and memoirs of war veterans were considered, which indicate that the leadership of the USSR and the spacecraft was not worried about the deployed number of German troops near the border and the places of their concentration until the evening of 21.6.41. Therefore, 21 June on the first

June 1941. Redeployment of the first command echelon of the Southern Front. Moving to the front

June 1941. Redeployment of the first command echelon of the Southern Front. Moving to the front

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

This part is the final one in the article on the Southern Front. In part 1 and in part 2, we examined intelligence materials and events on the eve of the war, documents on the expected number of German troops expected by the leadership of the Red Army (KA), which will take part in the war with the USSR, and documents on the creation

June 21, 1941. Intelligence about the German group against the ZAPOVO

June 21, 1941. Intelligence about the German group against the ZAPOVO

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous parts, reconnaissance materials (RM) were considered about enemy groupings located against the PribOVO troops (part 1, part 2) and KOVO. In accordance with the RM and with the presented maps with the plotted situation about the enemy as of June 21, near the border of the PribOVO

Intelligence service. The first three months of 1941

Intelligence service. The first three months of 1941

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, reconnaissance materials (RM) about the German troops at the end of 1940 were considered. These RMs overestimated the total number of German troops, including those concentrated near our border. Based on the overestimated number of troops in the General Staff, they made an erroneous conclusion that for

1941. Intelligence about the headquarters of the German armies and tank groups

1941. Intelligence about the headquarters of the German armies and tank groups

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: A - field army, AK - army corps, VO - military district, GRA - Army Group, SC - Red Army, MK (MD) - motorized corps (division), RM - reconnaissance materials, RO - reconnaissance department headquarters of VO, RU - Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of SC, TGr - tank

Before the war. Intelligence information about the German group against KOVO

Before the war. Intelligence information about the German group against KOVO

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous parts, we examined reconnaissance materials (RM) about the enemy grouping concentrated against the troops of the PribOVO (part 1 and part 2). In accordance with the RM, on June 21, German troops were located at a fairly large distance from the Soviet-German border

On the eve of the Great Patriotic War. Intelligence reports about the German grouping against the troops of the PribOVO

On the eve of the Great Patriotic War. Intelligence reports about the German grouping against the troops of the PribOVO

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, we compared the data presented in the reports of the Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the spacecraft as of June 1 and 22, 1941, with the actual presence of German formations at the border. It was noted that the leadership of the spacecraft incorrectly estimated the minimum number of German troops required for

German command against Soviet intelligence

German command against Soviet intelligence

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, a review of the disappeared infantry units and formations of the enemy, concentrated at the borders of the PribOVO and ZAPOVO, was begun. Among the disappeared infantry regiments (rp) and infantry divisions (pd), many had numbers known to our intelligence. For a long time these formations were in

1941 year. German command against Soviet intelligence

1941 year. German command against Soviet intelligence

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Dedicated to Victoria. The person who pushed the author to search for materials about the beginning of the war Therefore, we will first finish our consideration of this topic. According to RM

1939-40 Reconnaissance about German troops near our border

1939-40 Reconnaissance about German troops near our border

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, we began to consider the deployment of the German headquarters of the associations, which will concentrate on the Soviet-German border by 22.6.41, It was shown that the reconnaissance materials (RM) indicated German formations, most of which could not be located in the indicated places

Reconnaissance about German divisions in April-June 1941

Reconnaissance about German divisions in April-June 1941

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, the reconnaissance materials (RM) of the NKVD for 1940 were considered, which differed little from the information of the Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the spacecraft. Consideration of RMs was started, which were received at the beginning of 1941. It was shown that RM on license plates included up to 80%

Intelligence service. Information about German troops in 1938 and 1940

Intelligence service. Information about German troops in 1938 and 1940

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous article, a review of intelligence materials (RM) was begun on the concentration of German troops at the Soviet-German border in 1940. It was shown that the data on the enemy troops in the Republic of Moldova are very different from the real information. The presence in the Republic of Moldova of the exact designations of the German armies

Reconnaissance about German troops at the end of 1940

Reconnaissance about German troops at the end of 1940

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

In the previous part, we looked at reconnaissance materials (RM) about the German troops in 1938 and early 1940. RM at the indicated time significantly differed from the real data. With such a significant difference in data, the presence in the RM of the exact names of infantry units and formations can be

What did our intelligence know about the German large headquarters?

What did our intelligence know about the German large headquarters?

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The article is a continuation of the cycle on informing the leadership of the spacecraft and the Soviet Union by intelligence about the presence of German troops at the Soviet-German border. Earlier in the reconnaissance cycle, information was provided about what the headquarters of the four border districts knew about the enemy troops as of

1941. Reconnaissance about enemy corps headquarters

1941. Reconnaissance about enemy corps headquarters

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: AK - army corps, VO - military district, GRA - Army Group, SC - Red Army, MK - motorized corps, RM - reconnaissance materials, RO - intelligence department of the VO headquarters, RU - Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of SC, TGr - Panzer group. In the previous part there were

1941. Radio intelligence about enemy headquarters

1941. Radio intelligence about enemy headquarters

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The article uses the following abbreviations: A - field army, AK - army corps, VO - military district, GRA - Army Group, SC - Red Army, MK (MD) - motorized corps (division), pd - infantry division, RM - reconnaissance materials, RO - intelligence department of the VO headquarters, RU - Intelligence directorate

Intelligence gathering on the eve of the war

Intelligence gathering on the eve of the war

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: General Staff - General Staff, GRA - Army Group, SC - Red Army, CD (CP) - Cavalry Division (Regiment), MD (MP) - Motorized Division (Regiment), Pd (PP) - Infantry Division (regiment), PT - anti-tank, RM - reconnaissance materials, RO - reconnaissance department

Reconnaissance about German tanks and motorized infantry in June 1941

Reconnaissance about German tanks and motorized infantry in June 1941

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: VO - Military District, GSD (GSBR) - Mountain Rifle Division (brigade), General Staff - General Staff, ZAPOVO - Western Special VO, KA - Red Army, KOVO - Kiev Special VO, MD (MP) - motorized division (regiment), mk - motorized corps, pd (brigade, pd)

East Prussia. German mobile troops on the eve of the war

East Prussia. German mobile troops on the eve of the war

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: AK - army corps, ap - artillery regiment, VO - military district, General Staff - General Staff, ZAPOVO - Western special VO, SC - Red Army, KOVO - Kiev special VO, md (mn) - motorized division (regiment), mk - motorized corps, pd (pp) - infantry

The beginning of the concentration of the mobile troops of the Wehrmacht near our border

The beginning of the concentration of the mobile troops of the Wehrmacht near our border

Last modified: 2025-06-01 06:06

The following abbreviations are used in the article: General Staff - General Staff, SC - Red Army, cd (kp) - cavalry division (regiment), md (mn) - motorized division (regiment), msp - motorized rifle regiment, pd (rp) - infantry division (regiment), RM - reconnaissance materials, RU - Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Spacecraft, etc

Reconnaissance on German infantry and cavalry near the border of the USSR

Reconnaissance on German infantry and cavalry near the border of the USSR

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: VO - military district, General Staff - General Staff, SC - Red Army, cd (kbr, kp) - cavalry division (brigade, regiment), md (mp) - motorized division (regiment), od - security division, pd (pp) - infantry division (regiment), RM - reconnaissance materials, RO

1941. German mobile troops in the General Government

1941. German mobile troops in the General Government

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The article uses the following abbreviations: A - army, AK - army corps, VO - military district, General Staff, ZAPOVO - Western special VO, SC - Red Army, KOVO - Kiev special VO, MK - mechanized corps in SC or motorized corps in the Wehrmacht, md (mp) - motorized

June 21, 1941. Creation of the Southern Front

June 21, 1941. Creation of the Southern Front

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

Interest in the creation of the Southern Front On June 21, 1941 at 18:27, the first visitor entered Stalin's office - V.M. Molotov. At 19:05 the first meeting began, at which a draft of the Decree on the creation of the Southern Front, on the appointment of persons entrusted with the general leadership was prepared

1941. Where was the 16th Army preparing to redeploy?

1941. Where was the 16th Army preparing to redeploy?

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The article uses the following abbreviations: VO - military district, General Staff - General Staff, SC - Red Army, MK - mechanized corps, MD - motorized division, RGK - reserve of the main command, RM - reconnaissance materials, RU - Reconnaissance Directorate of the General Staff of SC, sk ( sd) - rifle corps

End point of the 16th Army route

End point of the 16th Army route

Last modified: 2025-01-24 09:01

The following abbreviations are used in the article: A - army, VO - military district, GDD - mountain rifle division, GSh - General Staff, ZhBD - combat log, SC - Red Army, MK - mechanized (in SC) or motorized (in the Wehrmacht ) corps, MD (MP) - motorized division (regiment), MPR