Air defense 2024, December
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Since the mid-60s, despite the declared neutrality, the Swedish air defense system was actually integrated into the NATO air defense system in Europe. In Sweden, even earlier than in NATO, the creation of an automated control system for active air defense assets STRIL-60 began. Before that in Sweden
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Considering the Japanese anti-aircraft weapons that were in the army and navy during the Second World War, it can be noted that most of it did not meet modern requirements. This was partly due to the weakness of Japanese industry and resource scarcity, and partly a lack of understanding of Japanese
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FranceThe anti-aircraft artillery of France failed to have a noticeable effect on the course of hostilities. If Soviet and German anti-aircraft guns, in addition to their main purpose, were actively used to destroy tanks and other ground targets, and the British and American ones were quite successful
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Armenia Even before the collapse of the Soviet Union, an ethnopolitical conflict began between Armenia and Azerbaijan. It had long-standing cultural, political and historical roots and flared up during the years of "perestroika". In 1991-1994, this confrontation led to large-scale hostilities for control of Nagorny
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Russian Federation. Fighter aircraft The final two parts of the review are devoted to the state of the Russian air defense system. Initially, it was one publication, but in order not to tire readers with a large amount of information, I had to split it into two parts. I want to warn you right away: if you are a "hurray-patriot" and
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Anti-aircraft artillery appeared soon after airplanes and dirigibles began to be used for military purposes. Initially, conventional infantry guns of medium caliber on various makeshift machines were used for firing at air targets. In this case, shrapnel shells were used with
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Russian Federation. Anti-aircraft missile and radio-technical troops Unlike the United States and European NATO countries, in our country there is a significant number of anti-aircraft missile systems and medium and long-range systems on alert. But compared to Soviet times, their number
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Azerbaijan Until 1980, the skies over Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, the Stavropol Territory and the Astrakhan Region were defended by parts of the Baku Air Defense District. This operational formation of the air defense forces of the USSR, which carried out the tasks of the air defense of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, was formed in 1942
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Georgia Until the end of the 80s, units of the 19th separate Tbilisi Air Defense Army, which were part of the 14th Air Defense Corps, were located on the territory of Georgia. On February 1, 1988, in connection with organizational and staff activities, the 14th Air Defense Corps was reorganized into the 96th Air Defense Division. It included three anti-aircraft missile
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Kazakhstan In Soviet times, the Kazakh SSR occupied a special place in ensuring the defense capability of the Soviet Union. Several of the largest polygons and test centers were located on the territory of the republic. In addition to the well-known Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and the Baikonur cosmodrome, an important
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This part of the review will focus on the Central Asian republics: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Before the collapse of the USSR, units of the 12th separate air defense army (12 air defense OA), 49th and 73rd air armies (49 and 73 VA) were deployed on the territory of these republics. In the 80s, Central Asian
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Germany After the defeat of Germany in the First World War by the Treaty of Versailles, it was forbidden to have and create anti-aircraft artillery, and already built anti-aircraft guns were subject to destruction. In this regard, work on the design and implementation of new anti-aircraft guns in metal was carried out in Germany
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In the second part of the review devoted to Ukraine, several readers in the comments expressed a desire to familiarize themselves with the location of Ukrainian anti-aircraft systems as of 2016. For example, Sibiralt writes: “It would be nice to see the" schemes "for the deployment of Ukrainian air defense systems not for
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Despite the fact that the American military has lost interest in anti-aircraft artillery, the development of new anti-aircraft installations of medium and small caliber in the post-war period did not stop. In 1948, a 75-mm automatic anti-aircraft gun M35 revolving type was created in the USA. Ammunition for this gun when
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After the end of World War II, the American armed forces received a significant number of medium and large-caliber anti-aircraft guns, small-caliber anti-aircraft guns and machine gun installations. If in the fleet the role of anti-aircraft artillery remained for quite a long time, since the naval
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Ukraine After the collapse of the Soviet Union, a powerful grouping of air defense forces remained in Ukraine, the likes of which were not found in any of the Union republics. Only Russia possessed a large arsenal of anti-aircraft weapons. In 1992, the airspace of the Ukrainian SSR was defended by two corps (49th and 60th) of the 8th
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At the time of the collapse, in 1991, the Soviet Union had the most powerful air defense system, which had no equal in world history. Almost the entire territory of the country, with the exception of part of Eastern Siberia, was covered with a continuous continuous radar field. To the Troops
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A few days ago, a publication appeared on Voennoye Obozreniye in the News section, which spoke of the transfer of several S-300PS air defense missile systems to Kazakhstan. A number of site visitors have taken the liberty of suggesting that this is a Russian payment for using the early
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After the creation of nuclear weapons in the United States, its main carriers until the mid-60s of the XX century were strategic long-range bombers. Due to the rapid growth rates of flight data of combat jet aircraft, in the 50s, it was predicted that it would appear within the next decade
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By the mid-70s of the XX century, our military in the course of local conflicts in the Middle East and Southeast Asia have accumulated rich combat experience in the use of anti-aircraft missile systems. First of all, this applied to the S-75 air defense system. This complex, originally created to combat high-rise
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On December 11, 1957, by the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the SA-75 "Dvina" anti-aircraft missile system with a 1D (B-750) missile was adopted for the armament of the country's air defense and the air defense of the Ground Forces (more details here: The first Soviet mass air defense system S-75) . SAM family S-75 for a long time formed the basis
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In 1973, the British Navy entered service with a long-range air defense system (Sea Dart), developed by Hawker Siddeley Dynamics. It was intended to replace the not-so-successful Sea Slag. The first ship armed with this complex was the Type 82 destroyer Bristol. On
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In the 50-60s, in a number of countries that had the necessary scientific and technical potential, anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM) were created. For medium and long-range air defense systems of the first generation, as a rule, radio command guidance of anti-aircraft guided missiles (SAM) to the target was used
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Air defense missile systems have always been and remain among the leaders of the most advanced intelligent, high-tech and expensive types of military equipment. Therefore, the possibility of their creation and production, as well as the possession of advanced technologies at the industrial level, the availability of appropriate
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By the mid-60s in the USSR, the problem of creating medium and short-range air defense systems was successfully solved, but taking into account the vast territory of the country, the formation of defense lines on probable routes of flight of a potential enemy's aviation to the most populated and industrialized regions of the USSR using these
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The end of the Cold War and the collapse of the USSR for some time reduced the threat of a large-scale military conflict. Against this background, the countries participating in the global confrontation have experienced serious reductions in their armed forces and military budgets. It seemed to many that after the collapse of the communist ideology
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Since the second half of the 60s, anti-aircraft missile systems began to play a noticeable role in the course of regional conflicts, significantly changing the tactics of using combat aviation. Now the side of the conflict, which possessed overwhelming air superiority, could not achieve unambiguous dominance on
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In the first half of the 70s, the gradual elimination of the positions of the previously deployed air defense systems began in the United States. First of all, this was due to the fact that ICBMs became the main means of delivery of Soviet nuclear weapons, against which they could not serve as protection. Experiments on use as
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The Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the most important CSTO allies for our country. The special significance of Kazakhstan is associated both with its geographic location and occupied area, and with the presence in the republic of a number of unique defense facilities. During the Soviet Union, the territory
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After the formal end of the Cold War, the liquidation of the Warsaw Pact and the collapse of the Soviet Union, it seemed to many that the world would never again be threatened by the likelihood of a global war. However, the threat of the spread of extremist ideology, NATO's advance to the East and others
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Almost a month ago, the Military Review published a controversial article on the Current State of Armenia's Air Defense System. In their comments to it, some "hot guys" living in Azerbaijan were especially distinguished. Obviously, this is due to the fact that Armenia and Azerbaijan, which were once
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By the end of the First World War, aviation was already a serious threat to warships. To protect against an air enemy, the Russian Imperial Fleet adopted several samples of anti-aircraft guns of domestic and foreign production
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The missile attack warning system (EWS) refers to strategic defense on a par with missile defense, space control and anti-space defense systems. At present, the early warning systems are part of the Aerospace Defense Forces as the following
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Soviet anti-aircraft artillery played a very important role in the Great Patriotic War. According to official data, in the course of hostilities, 21,645 aircraft were shot down by ground-based air defense systems of the ground forces, including 4047 aircraft with anti-aircraft guns of 76 mm and more, and 14 with anti-aircraft guns
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In the USSR, despite numerous design work in the pre-war and wartime, anti-aircraft guns with a caliber of more than 85 mm were never created. The increase in the speed and altitude of the bombers created in the west required urgent action in this direction
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In the postwar years, the Soviet Union continued to improve the means of fighting the air enemy. Before the mass adoption of anti-aircraft missile systems, this task was assigned to fighter aircraft and anti-aircraft machine gun and artillery installations
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The creation of the S-75 anti-aircraft guided missile system began on the basis of the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 2838/1201 of November 20, 1953 "On the creation of a mobile anti-aircraft guided missile system to combat enemy aircraft." During this period in the Soviet Union
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The post-war transition in aviation to the use of jet engines led to qualitative changes in the confrontation between air attack and air defense means. A sharp increase in the speed and maximum flight altitude of reconnaissance aircraft and bombers was practically reduced to
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In the mid-1950s. In the context of the rapid development of supersonic aviation and the appearance of thermonuclear weapons, the task of creating a transportable long-range anti-aircraft missile system capable of intercepting high-speed high-altitude targets has acquired particular urgency. Mobile system C-75, adopted at
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The design of the mobile anti-aircraft guided missile system was carried out on the basis of the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 2838/1201 of November 20, 1953 "On the creation of a mobile anti-aircraft guided missile system to combat enemy aircraft." During this period in